The Intumescens tauni. — Clarke. 97 
with the composition' of this lower Upper Devonian fauna else- 
where. At Martenberg, near Adorf, Westphalia, the Intumescens 
fauna has a peculiar expression from the great abundance of 
species of Lunulicardium. This feature is one rarely developed 
and in this respect the Martenberg and the Naples fauna are most 
closely similar, while a genei-al agreement prevails in the other 
elements of the associations. The Martenberg fauna has been 
most carefully elaborated by Dr. E. Holzapfel* and while the 
number of species is greater than in the New Yoi'k fauna, the 
points of direct comparison may be indicated as follows : 
Goniatites Siraplices. 
G. retrorsm von Buch. cf. \ ^- \^^}^miiaarls. 
) G. hioMatUH. 
Groniatites Irregulares. 
G. inultilobatu>i Sandberger. cf. G. chemuiujoisis, var. 
Goniatites Primordiales. 
G. intumescens Beyrich. G. inttuncscois. 
7G. cdrimitiis Beyrlch. cf. ?G. sinuosus. 
G. tuhcrcuUitus Holzapfel. cf. G. sp. nov. 
G. forcipifer Sandberger. cf. G. sp. nov. 
OHhoceras suhjiexuosum Munster. cf . 0. sp. nov. 
0. vitlcUum Sandberger. cf. 0. filosum. 
0. aciKd'ium cf. 0. pacator. 
Holopclla arcuata Holzapfel. cf. Loxonema noe. 
MarerocheUus dunkeri Kolzsiptel. cf. Mdcrochcilus sp. nov. 
Pleurotomariaf(tlciferaSan(iherger 
P. fjlubosd Holzapfel }-cf. P. itys var. ten uistrUita. 
P. tenuiUnaita Holzapfel. 
Natica adorfensis Holzapfel. cf. Phttystoimi sp. nov. 
Cardlola retrostriatn von Buch. C. rctrostrUiUi. 
C. suhradiata Holzapfel. ) t n t ■ 
C. Inftnta Holzapfel. f ^^- ^- "^^'■*•^• 
Mytihirca Jwyrichi Holzapfel. cf. certain variations of Luclna'?? 
suborbicularis. 
LunuUcdixlium iniiUcrillo\7.iipfe\. ) , j 
L. cunceUatum Holzapfel. [ ^^- ^- ^P' "°^- 
i. it>ic7cc»€n.se Holzapfel. ),« t ? 
L. inlidtum Holzapfel. ) 
A comparsion like this can only serve to indicate, and that im- 
perfectly, similarities, which in some cases may prove specific 
identities, while interesting and important points of agreement in 
other species may not even be suggested. 
The species Cardiola retrostriata von Buch* ( Buchiola, Bar- 
rande, Glpytocardia, Hall ) makes its appearance in Xew York as 
in Europe in the earlier Devonian. It is found as low, though 
very rarely, as the black shales of the Marcellus division. The late 
*PalaJontographica, Neue Folge, vol. viii, tj, xxviii. 
