170 ///< AliK l'i<'"ll (ii(ilnt/isf. SpptHinli.T, IH'.ll 
presence of giaphile in the loeks and actniiUy replacing these fos- 
sils shows that metamorphic action lias actually operated to some 
extent: and the invariable proxiniitv of these l)lne limestones and 
the sandstones irhrn graph It Ir to either white limestone or granite 
is exceedingly strong evidence in support of the proposition tlfat 
the metamorphism which changed the white limestone operated in 
a less degree, but at the same time, on the blue limestone and the 
sandstone. 
(d) The actual gradation from white to blue across and along the 
line of strike. In the case in hand there is no possibility of mistaking 
super-position of a younger blue lin)estone on the white. The actual 
facts are that going from west t(^ east there is encountered, first 
a coarsely crystalline white, graphitic limestone; last a l)lue lime- 
stone, plainly bedded and jointed. Between these two points, no 
more than fifty feet apart, these limestones shade into each other 
in color, in degree of crystallization, in the presence of graph- 
ite. That is, the graphite exists in every stage from the bright 
crystalline stage to cloud aggregations of carbonaceous matter 
which give the blue color to the lilue limestone. 
(e.) This gradation is not confined to a single locality. l)ut the 
localities are numerous. In no locality is actual contact observed 
between white and l)lue limestone, l)ut wherever exposure is of 
such a nature as to allow such contact to be observed, if it existed, 
the above facts are ol)served instead. The transition rocks are 
not taken from several localities and transition inftrnd from this 
series; but by going across a given exposure the complete series 
is seen and in place. No series of samples can give a perfect idea 
unless a continuous strip of rock were taken. Using the locality 
at Franklin Furnace as a point of departure, the localities at which 
this transition may be observed are as follows: — West of the Rude- 
ville quarries four miles; on a hill east of McAfee, six miles; on 
the hills southwest of McAfee, luimerous localities, five miles; on 
a small hill then north of McAfee, nine miles. These localities 
are all in the Vernon and the Wallkill valleys. In other locali- 
ties near Oxford, .Jury .Jump mountain, and Andover. changes 
fully as convincing may be ol)served, and these point to the fact 
that the conclusions reached in the study of the Sussex county 
limestone may safely be extended to these also. 
In conclusion it may J)e well to state that the two limestones 
are separated by one of two marked types of rock; either the band 
