37s '^l Ik Aim lied II ( i inlnij isf . Dit-miiImt, ISDI 
sidiics. ociuTMlly with tlicir iiiMJof :ixt's iipproxiiiiiitt'ly pnrnllcl 
willi coiitimioiis ;j,l:ici:il sti-i;i' tiiid with the ooiirsf of iiiovciiiciit of 
till.' ici' slu't't. ;iii(l the ciiilK'ddiii^j; of lliit stones with their llat sides 
iienrly horizontal, or. where the aecunmiatioii rises in a prouiiiieiit 
mass, as in drnnilins. takinu; a parallelism with the slopes of the 
surfae*'. In the en;Lihieial till stones of these shapes are less 
altiindant. ln'cause of their exemption from ulaeial wearin<r. and 
thev have no oliser\al)le order of arran<i'einent. 
Fiirthei'niore. the snliulacial till often exhiliits. esjteeially in 
sections of drnnilins. a peenliarly liedded strnetnre. in parallelism 
with the snrfaee. 'riion<ili lionlders. uravel. saml. and clay ai'e 
lhoi'oM>>:hly commingled, the deposit is ini|)erfectly laminateil and 
tends to separate and crnmlile into thin Hakes, This is freipiently 
noticealile in a fi'esh excavation, lint is most distinctly seen after 
a few weeks of exposnre. 
!Mr. Ilujih Miller has ohsei'ved similar -^lrllc1 iii'al featnres of the 
subiilacial till over large tracts of northern Kn<:Iand •." and the dis- 
crimination of the englacial and snliulacial till, iclyinti' on most 
of till' characters here noted, was pi-ol)al)ly earliest pointed out by 
Dr. Otto Torell. of Sweden.! 
A partial stratification by water within the till, prodncinji; some- 
times thin layers of <>;ravel. sand, or clay, inconstant in character 
and thickness and nsually of short extent, or often only a distinct 
a|)i)roacli toward the formation of such layers, is occasionally ob- 
served in both the eiiglacial and the snb<>;lacial till. prol»ably more 
frequently in the former; bnt veins of <>ra\el and sand, of snch 
extent as to yield a suMicient supply of water for wells, are more 
common in the latter, or, as before noted, at the plane l)etweeii 
these deposits. The obscure stratitication seems attributable to 
soej)in<i water (hii"ini>; the (h'positioii of the till, whether snbi>lacial 
or eiiiilacial and snp(n-<>lacial. while the delinite and larger gnivel 
veins were fornuMJ in small and temi)orary suliglacial water 
courses. 
Both (h'posits contain lioiildeis and other drift derived from 
near and from remote rock ontci()|)s. Local lo|»ography deter- 
mined the relative abundance of these portions, and proltaltly al.so 
Avhether the ratio of far travelled material is greater in the en 
*Kpport of the liritisli Assoc, for Adv. of Science, Montreal, 18S4. p]>. 
T-Ht, 7-21. 
+Ain. .bnir. Sci., I IF, vol. \iil, pp. 7<i 79. .Ian.. 1S7 7. 
