Stratigraphy of the Missouri Palaeozoic. — Broadhead. 87 
Upper Coal Measures described in the Missouri Geological Re- 
port of 1872. "Iron Ores and Coal Fields." A soft sandstone, 
often shaley and varying from 100 to 160 feet thickness, I 
would therefore consider to be the upper part of the Lower 
Coal Measures. It is the first rock struck in the shafts ami 
borings at Randolph near Kansas City, and at Kansas City it 
is less than 50 feet below the base of the blurt'. The rock at 
the base of the Upper Coal Measures is about 6 feet of lime- 
stone, some beds brown, some gray, the lower beds very even 
bedded and of an ash gray color and often very straight- 
jointed. Two feet beneath this limestone we find a seam of 
coal 3 to 9 inches thick. This coal is found at Pleasant Hill, 
Lone Jack, Missouri City, in the east part of Harrison county 
and 5 miles south of Princeton, Mercer county. The Middle 
and Lower Measures underlie an area of about 12,000 square 
miles and include fifteen seams of coal aggregating 20 feet. 
The Upper Measures include nine seams aggregating 4 feet 
thickness, in a total of 1100 feet of vertical thickness. 
Summing up we find Lower Measures — 664 feet ; Upper Coal 
series above — 1100 feet, and above these 50 feet no rocks seen ; 
still higher we have 180 feet of Permo-Carboniferous. Total, 
2,000 feet. 
The Upper Measures include a greater thickness of lime- 
stones than do the Lower Measures ; but shales and beds of 
sandstones occur at intervals from the base to the summit of 
the series. The Lower Measures in northern Missouri in- 
cludes some beds of limestone, but in the southwestern the 
strata are chiefly of sandstones with some shale layers, with 
rarely a limestone. Many of the rocks as well as the coal of 
the southwest are very bituminous, as shown both in appear- 
ance and odor. Fire clays are abundant as under-clays of the 
Coal Measures, and are more rarely found in the Upper Meas- 
ures. Beds of clay-ironstone are interstratified in the Lower 
Measures. Selenite, calcitc arragonite, baiyte and pyrite are 
also found in the Coal .Measures. Small particles of zinc 
blende are sometimes round, anil in Adair county I have ob- 
tained beautiful gcethite crystals. At a few places line spec- 
imens of fossil plants have been obtained from shales, as at 
several places in Henry county and at Moberly. At White 
Rock quarry, < Jarroll county, line calamites have been obtained. 
