Fossil (Orals and the Devonian Species. — Calvin. 109 
phyllum corinthium F*ig. 6, and Cyathophyllum undulatum et 
multiplicatum, Fig. 10, are different phases of the same species. 
and are identical with a species that is not uncommon at ( ioffin's 
Grove, four miles west of Manchester, in Delaware county, 
Iowa. This species, in some of its varying phases, is illus- 
trated in figures 1, 2, 3, and -1 of plate v, accompanying this 
paper. Dr. Rominger, in his work on the fossil corals of Mich- 
igan, p. 120, recognizes the identity of our Iowa specie- with 
Owen's fig. 10, plate xni, and this, so tin- as I am able to dis- 
cover, is the only reference to this species that has been made 
by our more modern writers. The species which Owen illus- 
trates and describes under the three figures and the three 
names cited, belongs to the genus Ptychophyllum, and. giving 
priority to the first name used, the species should stand here- 
after as Ptychophyllum (■.'■/hi, isum Owen. 
Porites .' astraformis, plate xni, fig. 8 is clearly identical 
with Plasmopora follis Ed. and S. II., and not with Pachy- 
phyllum woodmani, as suggested by Miller in N~orth Ameri- 
can Geology and Paleontology, 1889, page 201. On the same 
plate, figure 11. Sarcinula (i><>rii<-s. J ) <jl<il>i-<i is a good figure 
of Lyellia americana Ed. and H. On plate xiv. tig. 12, 
another individual of the same species is illustrated under the 
name of Sarcinula costdta Goldfuss. Lyellia americana Ed. 
and II., is one of the most common species found in associa- 
tion with the corals figured on plates xni and xiv of the work 
cited; and all the species there illustrated are more or less 
common in the coral bearing beds of the Niagara Limestone 
in Delaware county, Iowa. 
Astrea mammillaris Owen, plate xiv. fig. 3, has been cor- 
rectly identified by Rominger in Fossil Corals of Michigan, 
]). 133, with the form now recognized by paleontologists as 
Strombodes mammillatus; but Astrea ? gigas Owen, plate 
xiv, fig. 7. has not been so fortunate as the preceding. Billings, 
in the Canadian Journal of Industry Science and Arts new 
series, number xx, March, 1859, page 128, has identified < ►wen's 
Astrea .' gigas from the Niagara Limestone, with a Devonian 
species which exhibits an entirely different structure, and 
belongs not only to a differenl genus from the individual 
figured by Owen, but belongs to a totally different section of 
the sub-order Rugosa. The specimen collected and studied 
