L20 I'ln American Geologist. August, 1808 
though formerly supposed to be separated by a long interval from the 
beds at Horsetown, are now found to be with these and the Knoxville 
beds an essentially conformable and continuous series of sediments, 
deposited without distinct interruption. During that time, beginning 
with the Shasta or Knoxville and Horsetown beds and extending on- 
ward to the Chico, the region of the Klamath mountains was sinking, 
and the subsidence continued until the sea reached the western base of 
the Sierra Nevada and all or nearly all that part of California northwest 
of the present site of Lassen Peak, and almost the whole of Oregon, 
were beneath its waters. The Chico and Tejon beds, however, which in 
middle California appear as a continuous series, are found by Mr. 
Diller to be separated in Oregon by unconformability, and the paleon- 
tologic evidence, so far as it goes, indicates a faunal break in that region 
between the Chico and Tejon formations, the latter of which is regard- 
ed as the earliest Tertiary of California and Oregon. Between the 
times of deposition of these formations the area of the Klamath moun- 
tains was again raised above the sea, and its Shasta-Chico beds were 
subjected to mountain-folding. 
The Faunas of the Shasta and Chico Formations. By T. W. Stan- 
ton. Bulletin, G. S. A., vol. iv, pp. 245-256; June 8, 1893. Comparative 
study of all the collections of fossils from these formations, which 
were described in the foregoing paper, shows that they are united and 
have no faunal break. Certain portions of the series are characterized 
by the abundance of particular species or genera, as Ancella in the 
lower beds and several genera of ammonites in the Horsetown division; 
but these sub-faunas are so bound together by connecting species that 
they cannot be regarded as really distinct. The whole is therefore 
named the Shaska-Chico fauna, and its age at least in the Horsetown 
beds, is regarded as not more recent than the Cenomanian. 
On the Geology of Natural Gas and Petroleum in southioestem On- 
tario. By H. P. H. Brumell. Bulletin G. S. A., vol. iv, pp. 225-240; 
May 20, 1893. At Petrolea, in Lamberton county, Ontario, where rock 
oil has been produced during the past thirty years, it is found in the 
Corniferous limestone at the depth of about 475 feet. In that district 
some 3,000 wells are stated to be now producing, their yearly supply 
being about 80(J,000 barrels. The oil cannot be easily refined, on ac- 
count of the considerable proportion of sulphur which it contains in a 
form as yet undetermined. Though the Corniferous formation yields 
merchantable quantities of oil only in this county, it is known to be 
somewhat petroliferous over a wide extent of adjoining country. (Jas 
has been found in this region in large quantities at two geologic hori- 
zons, one being in or near the Clinton in Essex county, and the other 
being the Medina in Welland county. A detailed report on these wells, 
with maps and sections, is soon to be issued by the Canadian Geological 
Survey. 
Notes on the Occurrence of Petroleum in Gaspe, Quebec. By. H. P. 
H. Brumell. Bulletin, G. S. A., vol. iv, pp. 241 244; May 20, 1893. Pros- 
pecting for petroleum has been carried on in a desultory manner for 
