224 
The American ( ,' Col '< ,</ /.%■/ . 
October, 1893 
Glacial Succession in Sweden. Hialmar Lundbohm, Geological Sur- 
vey of Sweden. 
The Succession of Glacial Deposits in Norway. Andrew M. Hansen, 
Edemarken, Norway. (Absent; read by Prof. T. C. Chamberlin.) 
Glacial Succession in Switzerland. Dr. Alhrecht Heim, Zurich, 
i Absent; read by Prof. Salisbury.) 
The Succession of the Glacial Deposits of Canada. Dr. Robert Bell,, 
Canadian Geological Survey. 
Glacial Succession in the United States. Prof. T. C. Chamberlin, 
University of Chicago. 
Pleistocene Climatic Changes. Warren Upham, Geological Survey 
of Minnesota. 
Evidences of the Diversity of the Older Drift in northwestern Illinois. 
Frank Leverett, U. S. Geological Survey. 
Previous to the session the following summary of the time 
relations of the glacial drift and associated Pleistocene for- 
mations, as given in several of these papers, was written on the 
blackboard, affording a convenient comparison of the sequence 
of events constituting the Ice age in European countries and 
in the United States. 
Great Britain. 
(Geilcie.) 
Upper buried forest. 
Valley morines. 
Lower buried forest. 
Ground and terminal mo- 
raines ; 100 ft. beaches. 
Fresh-water alluvia. 
5. Upper boulder-clay; low- 
land Purple drift of 
southern England. 
4. Marine and fresh-water 
accumulations. 
3. Lower boulder-clay of 
lowlands. 
2. Forest beds of Cromer. 
1. Weybourn crag,and Chil- 
lesfoid clay. 
10. 
9. 
8. 
7. 
6. 
Sweden. 
(Be Geer. Lundbohm.) 
Recent. Mya arenaria 
beds. 
I Postglacial. 
-] Cardium. 
I Ancylus. 
3. Baltic ice-sheet ; Yoldia 
beds. 
2. interglacial. 
1. Greatest glaciation. 
Norway. 
(Hansen.) 
(Postglacial. 
Recent. 
Last warm. 
Subglacial. 
1_ Boreal. 
( Deu tero-glacia' . 
•! 2. JKpiglacial. 
/ 1. Ra-epoch. 
Tnterglacial 
( Protero-glacial. 
■> 2 
i l :::::::::: 
Switzerland. 
(Heim.) 
7. Present epoch. 
6. Postglacial. 
5. Last glaciation. 
4. Last interglacial. 
3. Second glacial; greatest 
ice-sheet. 
2. First interglacial. 
1. First glacial. 
United States. 
(Chamberlin.) 
11. Postglacial. 
10. Lake deposits; Cham- 
plain depression. 
9. Late moraines. 
8. Stout moraines. 
7. Readjustment interval. 
6. Re-invasion; outer ter- 
minal moraine. 
.">. Post-lo?s8ian interval. 
4. Second till and loess. 
3. First known interval. 
2. Lowest till. 
1. Advance. 
Professor James Geikie, in the first paper of this scries, re- 
viewed the varied history of the Ice age in Scotland and in 
England, where an ice-sheet at one time stretched south to 
the Thames. In a recent paper before the Royal Society of 
Edinburgh, he published his conclusions that Great Britain 
has experienced during the Pleistocene period no less than 
