26 Age of the Tipton Run Coal. — White. 
like its predecessors, considers the Pocono age of the coal as 
indisputable. 
Desirous of examining personally the locality where a bed of 
coal in the Pocono series was furnishing 30,000 tons of excel- 
lent fuel annually, the writer found occasion during the past 
year to visit the famous Tipton region. To his surprise he 
recognized the enclosing shales and sandstone as genuine Coal 
Measure sediments, while peeping out from a short interval 
beneath the coal bed was as good Pottsville conglomerate as 
that high above, along the eastern front of the Alleghanies, 
and within sight of the coal mine. Search for fossils was at 
once begun, and soon rewarded by the discovery of plant 
remains which confirmed the evidence from the character of 
the sediments. Hence there could be but one conclusion, a 
fault, or disturbance of some kind had dropped these beds 
down so as to bring Coal Measure rocks abutting against the 
Pocono, or Lower Carboniferous series. The succession of the 
rocks in the immediate vicinity of one of the coal openings is 
approximately as follows : 
1. Sandstone (probably the Freeport) 25' 
2. Concealed ^ 50' 
3. Shales, plant-bearing 5' 
(Coal 2' 9" ) 
4. •< Fire-clay, dark 2" \ 3' 9" 
ICoal 10" j 
5. Concealed 30'-50' 
6. Pottsville conglomerate visible 10' 
The coal bed is probably identical with the Lower Kittan- 
ning, since the character of the fuel it furnishes, as well as the 
structure of the bed is much like the latter as seen on the top 
of the Alleghanies, a few miles distant. The two openings 
where the coal is now mined for shipment are on the same 
bed, No. 4 of the section, since the structure found in each is 
identical and the coal is of practically the same quality. The 
following fossil plants were found in the shale No. 3, which 
overlies the coal, the identifications in cases where the writer 
was in doubt having been made by Prof. Lesquereux. 
Cordaites gracilis Lx. Neuropteris loschii Bt. 
Stigmaria iicoides Bt. Alethopteris ambigua Lx. 
LepidopbyllumlanceolatumBt. Calamites, allied to suckowii Bt. 
Neuropteris tenuifolia Bt. Pecopteris, sp. ? fragment. 
Alethopteris, allied to pennsylvanica Lx. 
The plants are not abundant, and a much larger collection 
could doubtless be made by the expenditure of two or three 
weeks' time, but the list when considered with reference to the 
