International Congress of Geologists. — Frazer. 51 
ous beds of the lower Paleozoic) inclosed successively three 
distinct faunas : the lower Olenellus ; the middle Paradoxides ; 
and the ui)per characterized by Dikelocephalus and Olenus. 
This succession is exactly the same as that observed in Sweden 
and x>i"Oves that the order of the ajmearance of the series all 
over the glohe in the remotest ejJOchs was the same in Earojye 
and America^ which had not before been so positively dem- 
onstrated. 
In harmony with a resolution of the Council in regard to the 
manner of voting, scientific questions Avere not to be decided 
by vote, the influence of the predominating number of those 
members who are natives of the country where the Congress 
is held being sensibly felt. A committee of seven members 
was appointed to draw up a sketch of regulations for the vot- 
ing in future Congresses, and to report them at the last meet- 
ing of the Congress of London. 
In this session like the following it was permitted to several 
orators to make their remarks in English, which were prompt- 
ly and brilliantly rendered into French by Dr. Barrels, one of 
the Secretaries. 
The entire session of Sept. 19, and the greater part of that of 
the 21st, were devoted to the discussion of the crystalline 
schists. Important memoirs on this subject had been pre- 
pared by Hunt, Heim, Lory, Lehmann, Michael Levy, Lawson, 
the geologists of the U. S. Geological Survey, and Lessen, 
which were printed and bound into a volume which was dis- 
tributed to all the members of the Congress. Profs. Kinahan 
and Kilroe, of the geological survey of Ireland, sent also mem- 
oirs to the Congress. It is useless to resume all these memoirs. 
Prof. Lory resumed the results of his studies of the western 
Alps. The crystalline schists, which fall into two groups, 
form a succession of regular and constant mineralogical char- 
acters. The upper group is composed of sericite schist, 
chlorite and amphibolic schists ("pietre verdi" of the Italian 
geologists). The lower group consists of mica-schists and 
gneisses, and intercalated concordantly with these beds of 
cipoline limestones, puresaccharoidal limestones and dolomi- 
tes. Prof Issel accepts the same views for the maritime Alps. 
Mr. Heim opposes entirely the views of the preceding speak- 
ers. He considers it premature to divide the schists into 
stratigraphical sequences based upon these petrographical 
