Review of Recent Geological Literature- 111 
says, "types of plants existed together which are now separated from 
one another by large tracts of the earth's surface." In the Tertiary 
of Java for example occur tiie well known North American genera 
Corniis, Rhaiimus and Ceanothus. 
An interesting feature of the volume is a table showing a compari- 
son of the Tertiary flora of Australia with other Tertiary and the exist- 
ing floras. Tlie table brings out, in a very striking way, the similarity 
characterizing all Tertiary floras. The larger part of the volume is 
necessarily devoted to the description of genera and species. Fifteen 
plates, crowded with beautifully lithographed figures, illustrate the 
text. 
Reconls of the Geological Survey of New South Wales, Vol. I, Part I. 
This i>amphlet of 31 pages and 5 plates contains seven short articles 
on subjects relating to the work of the survey. The second article 
reports the discovery of human remains in the sand and pumice bed 
at Long bay, near Botany. The geological conditions and associated 
objects indicate an interment in Post-Tertiary times. At the same 
time all evidence points to a high antiquity, so that the burial proba- 
bly dates back to the earliest human occupation of the region. The 
fourth article describes and illustrates a coral intermediate between 
the genera Lonsdalia and Spongophyllum. 
On the classification of the early Cambrian and prc-Cainbrian forma- 
tions. A brief discus.'^ioti of principles, illustratnl by exainplis dratcri 
mainly froin the Lake Superior regions. By R. D. Irving. Pages 365- 
454 ; plates xxx — li ; figures 64-96. (Accompanying the seventh annu- 
al report of the director of the V. S. geological survey.) 
No other geologist has so thoroughly explored and studie<l the region 
adjoining lake Superior as the late professor Irving, and this paper, 
one of the last prepared by him, presents a very clear and comprehen- 
sive statement of his conchisions concerning the stratigraphic divisions 
and relationships of its Cambrian and older formations. Tlie paper 
treats mainly of the extent to which paleontological and lithological 
characters, unconformities, and intervals attended by extensive ero- 
sion, are respectively to be relied upon for puqw-ses of classification 
Incidently, it includes many sections and details of the stratigraphy of 
localities which illustrate the principles under discussion, with geolog- 
ical maps of central Wisconsin, northeastern Minnesota, and the Pen- 
okee-Gogebic iron region in northern Wisconsin, and northwestern 
Michigan. 
Four great groujis or series of rocks are recognized in the Lake Super- 
ior region, divided fn)m each otiier by utu-ontortnity and erosion, 
namely, in descending order, the Cambrian, Keweenawan, Huronian, 
and Laurentian. In the more general classification of these divisions, 
professor Irving believed that only the Laurentian should be included 
in the Archiean system, "because of the greatness of the time interval 
between that series and the next succeeding it, in comparison with any 
of the later interruptions of the geological column; because of its in- 
