Arc lie an of Minnesota and Finland. — WinclicU. 223 
some of the most important observations were made. * With- 
out attempting here to give in extcnso the evidence of the con- 
clusions arrived al, the following general scheme will show 
the Archean formations which exist in the northeastern part 
of the state and their order from above downward, accord- 
ing to all the facts now at hand. These parts are represented 
by hundreds of specimens collected, and by hundreds of mi- 
croscopic thin sections. 
In descending order: 
1. Granitic intrusion, cutting and metamorphosing the 
earlier schists and fragmentals. This granite, though gener- 
ally massive and having a distinct irruptive contact on the 
older rocks, is also sometimes gneissic, and the schists vary to 
a banded gneiss, so that in some cases the transition from the 
one to the other is screened by these similarities and is hardly 
noticeable. This rock is seen about Snowbank lake and 
Moose lake, about the western confines of Disappointment 
lake and at Kekequabic lake. It is also supposed to constitute 
the Giant's range. It is a wide-spread, irruptive granite, is 
coarse-textured and fresh. 
2. Upper Kccicatin. Consists of conglomerate (at Stuntz 
island and at Saganaga and Ogishke Muncie lakes), sericitic 
schists, quartzose and also micaceous schists, graywackes, 
clay slates, chloritic schists and porphyroids. Of these rock^. 
which stand about vertical and are distinctly bedded by sedi- 
mentary action, the conglomerates are the most remarkable, 
for they seem to pervade the formation at different horizons, 
and by metamorphism they acquire coarse secondary feldspar 
and hornblende crystals. The whole formation becomes 
changed, by the widespread effect of the pressure and dis- 
turbance coincident with the intrusion of the granite above, 
into mica schists and banded gneisses, and is penetrated by 
many granitic dikes. Such mica schists, embracing many 
conspicuous boulder-forms on the weathered surfaces, are to 
be seen about Moose lake and between there and Snowbank 
lake, and on the western shores of Snowbank lake; about Dis- 
appointment lake. Kekequabic lake and eastward to Zcta lake. 
These fragmentals are conspicuously porphyritic by secondary 
*In this trip I was accompanied bv Dr. U. S. Grant and by Mr. A. H. 
Klftnian. 
