Red Rirer (ind CJuiton 3Ionoclines. — Newsom- Bvanner . 3 
Many other minor cases of parallelism of the drainage lying 
in these twt) general directions may be seen on a drainage map, 
but they need not be mentioned here. Attention, however, 
should be called to the fact that there seems to be two other 
systems of joints in the area here especially considered : one 
running north- south, the other east- west. 
The structural features explain the drainage in some of 
these cases and in such cases it seems clear that the drainage 
is consequent and hence is very old, having come down from 
the close of the Carboniferous or of the Permian.* A short 
way south of the region of the Red river monocline and 
south of that ptirt of Cadron creek that flows parallel h» the 
Red river monocline, the relation of the drainage to ihe 
structure is not so clear. Here the streams cut across con- 
siderable ridges, and for the most part, appear to disregard 
them. This area, however, is lower than that of the Red 
river monocline, and is adjacent to the Cretaceous and Ter- 
tiary area lying sovith and east. From township 7 North, 
southward and eastward, the drainage in some cases follows 
structural lines, such as Cypress creek. Little Cypress creek 
and Muddy bayou, all of which flow along synclinal valleys. 
In other cases, however, the drainage cuts square across the 
axes; such are Bayou Meto, parts of Cadron creek, both East 
and West forks, and Jack's ba^'ou north of Jacksonville. The 
question is therefore suggested whether or not this may be a 
superimposed drainage. 
Along the adjoining Tertiary area to the east the Tertiary 
beds are at a lower level than the paleozoic highlands, but at 
Little Rock the Tertiary beds have an elevation of 880 feet 
above tide on top of Capitol hill, several points in the city are 
360 feet, and elevations of 350 are quite common in the cit}' 
and vicinity. Southwest of Little Rock the Tertiary beds 
reach an elevation of more than 500 feet above tide level four 
miles northeast of Benton, and on Sand mountain east of 
Bryant and southeast of Alexander they reach over 600 feet. 
A general and even subsidence that would bring these points 
*A most valuable paper on the subject of joints and faults in their 
relation to drainage is that of Daubree; Cassures imitant les failles et 
les joints cong(5neres, ^dans leur formes, leur parallelisnie, etc. on 
pp. 300-374 of his Etudes Svnthetiques de Geologie Experinien- 
tale, Paris, 1879. 
