4 The American Geologist. July, 1897 
beneath the water would also submerge the whole of the re- 
gion between Little Rock and (Jonway or Morrillton and the 
region somewhat north of Springfield in Conwaj'^ county, 
which has an elevation of 420 feet above tide level. Only 
two or three small points would be left above water by such a 
submergence. It seems probable therefore that the Tertiary 
beds once overlapped the Lower Coal Measures rocks to a 
point near Springfield, Conway county, and that when these 
beds emerged their drainage was let down upon the underl}"- 
ing Lower Coal Measures rocks. 
A fact of interest in connection with the denudation of this 
area is that while it stood at least 500 feet lower diiring Ter- 
tiary times, it was subsequently elevated so that it stood 
liigher than it does at present. Evidences of this later eleva- 
tion may be seen at a great many points between Little Rock 
and Fort Smith, but it will be enough to juention a couple of 
illustrations of the nature of the evidence. About two miles 
northeast of Argenta the drainage of Dark Hollow and of sev- 
eral hollows that converge near its mouth falls into a flat 
country that has an area of several square miles. Tlie topog- 
raphy of the sides of these hollows is steep from near the 
hill tops, and at the bottom of the hills the slopes seem to 
dive beneath the river bottoms. This plunging of a steep 
hill-side beneatli bottom lands, as if they were silted up fiords, 
is to be seen at a great many places north and west of Little 
Rock: at the northwest and the southeast bases of Big Rock; 
north of the bluffs three miles up the river from Little Rock ; 
at the Maumelle Pinnacles, especially on the north side; on 
Palarm bayou, at Petit Jean mountain, etc. Such a state of 
affairs must have been produced by a subsidence and check- 
ing of the drainage and silting up of the valleys after the 
steep sided V-shaped valleys had been cut down. 
John C. I^ranner. 
The Red River Monocline. 
Beginning south of White river in the deep ravine of Wolf 
bayou, about twelve miles above Batesville. the course of the 
Red river disturbance will be traced to where it swings tow- 
ard the northwest, in the northern edge of Conway county. 
Four miles southwest of Dean mountain the sandstones of 
