112 The American Geologist. August, 1897 
quate basis for his scheme of correlation or his conclusions. 
Indeed, some of his observations seemed to indicate a consid- 
erable slope for the highest strand in the west end of the ba- 
sin. Later a closer study of his description of the lower 
beaches seemed to show quite clearly that the Nipissing beach 
is in its normal place on that shore, rising about 125 feet from 
Duluth northeastward to Peninsula Harbor.* 
In discussing Prof. Lawson's conclusions the writer admit- 
ted in the earlier papers referred to that on general principles 
the lower shore lines, which are the youngest and newest, 
might still be substantially horizontal, but maintained that the 
higher lines, and especially the highest one, which is the old- 
est of all, must express in the position of its plane the com- 
posite results of all the movements which liave occurred since 
it was made, and further that on this account it could hardly 
be expected that it would be left finally in a horizontal pos- 
ition. These contentions seemed sound enough on general 
principles, but were in part curiously reversed in the results 
attained in 1895. 
The Nipissing beach was found in its normal place, rising 
from about 55 feet above lake Superior on the eastern base of 
Mt. McKay near Fort William to about 115 feet at Peninsula 
Harbor at the extreme northeast angle of the lake. But so far as 
observed the highest beach that extends continuously along 
the north shore was found to be nearly, but not perfectly, 
horizontal. 
Fort Arthur. In passing the north end of Isle Koyale and 
between Thunder cape and Pie island a low terrace could be 
seen quite distinctly in several places. It is a plain feature 
on the north end of Pie island, and is probably a fragment of 
the Nipissing beach. Lawson reports a broad terrace there 
which abuts against a talus of great blocks at 43.5 feet. Prob- 
ably the back of the terrace was covered up, for the Nipissing 
beach was clearly identified on the main shore in or near Port 
Arthur at about 60 feet. (61.4 feet as levelled by Lawson.) 
Mt. McKay was ascended up to the -'first level" or great shelf 
which is about 500 feet above the lake. In the two miles of 
swamp between the Mission and the eastern foot of the moun- 
tain several sandy ridges of a littoral character were crossed 
*Am. Geol., vol. XV, May 1895, page 313. 
