The Preylucial ('Ki/d/iof/K J^a/ley. 179 
gorgt', a cross section, section No. I, lias been prepared from 
records of borings. This cross section is along a line apj^rox- 
iiuately parallel to Euclid Ave. and Detroit St. Tlie streets 
which cross this line are given, and also depths of wells near- 
est to them. This line then represents a line of borings, from 
the depth of whicli, the profile of the gorge or preglacial val- 
ley is determined. This line is not marked on the accom- 
panying map: but a line drawn from A to B will show it. It 
will be seen from this profile, that the deepest part of the 
channel lies between Madison and Wilson avenues. From 
this point passing west, a gradual rise of the rocky floor takes 
place, until the shale appears again as surface rock. In tliis 
cross section no account of the 475 foot well is taken. 
Section No. II shows the relative position and depth of the 
modern river to the preglacial gorge. This valley marked V 
on section is from one-half to one mile in width with an av- 
erage depth of about 100 feet, within the city limits. The 
bottom of this is composed of alluvial deposit. Along this 
valley ''meanders the modern river, whose only right to the 
title of river seems to be in the magnitude of the deserted 
channel of which it is the sole occupant." 
The location of the well at the mouth of Kingsbury's run, 
as given by Dr. Newberry, will thus be seen to be on that part 
of the valley which rises to the west. It gave to Dr. Newber- 
ry the clue to a deeper valley, but did not locate its direction 
or give its greatest depth. As thus shown, the preglacial 
Cuyalioga valle_y below lake level is deeper than the gorge of 
Niagara. And however vast we may think the time required 
to excavate the gorge of Niagara from Queenstown hights to 
the present falls, yet this drift-filled valley of the Cu}^ahoga 
on which the city of Cleveland now stands was eroded to its 
deepest point, filled with drift and partially re-excavated 
again by the modern river, before Niagara had an existence. 
But whether the depth reached by the drill in this city 
shows the deepest point of drift or not, (and this can only be 
determined by borings which may be made in the future) 
enough is known at present to warrant us in definitely as- 
signing a greater depth to lake Erie, and to show that it was 
not the shallow basin we now have, but was comparable in 
depth with the sister lakes. 
