Editorial Comment. 181 
ured from the crests of its hanks. The Hudson as thus formed 
is a valley of erosion. 
It was during this high continental altitude that the Cuya- 
hoga cut its deep channel. This was probably during the later 
Tertiary or early Quaternary period. As the Hudson, St. Law- 
rence, and other rivers emptying into the Atlantic and Pacific 
oceans through deep submarine fjords are monuments of the 
high altitude of the continent, so the Cuyaiioga is a witness 
of the fact that the preglacial rivers emptying into the lake 
basin, had much deeper channels than heretofore assigned to 
them. What light the present deep channel of the Cuyahoga 
river may throw^ on the depth of the lakes and their former 
drainage remains to be worked out. But enough has been 
given to show that the bottom of lake Erie must be sought for 
much below what has hitherto been assigned as its maximum 
depth. 
KoTE. Since the above paper was written another well has 
been begun in Cleveland which so far as it has yet been drill- 
ed gives further data in support of the conclusion reached in 
the above paper. It is already about .350 feet deep and is sit- 
uated at the crossing of the Cleveland and Pittsburgh rail- 
way and Central avenue. The work is at present at a stand- 
still o\ving to the breakage of the cable when the bit was pass- 
ing through a bed of very tough boulder (?) clay through 
which it has proven impossible to drive the casing though the 
drill was 15 or 18 feet below the bottom of the pipe. 
EDITORIAL COMMENT. 
The Missouri Geological Survey. 
The State of Missouri has had a checkered experience in 
its efforts to make a geological survey of its domains. It has 
been liberal, if not lavish, in the appropriation of money, and 
it has, to show for it, a disjointed and incomplete set of reports 
and maps, beginning with that of Swallow, in 1853, and end- 
ing with that of Keyes in 1897. In this interval the follow- 
ing geologists have been in charge of the survey, for periods 
of short duration, separated by intervals of inactivity : Swal- 
