Review of Recent Geoloyical Lileratnre. 189 
The development of the colony from the embryo is thus summarized. 
"1. The detached sicula is provided with a basal appendage, to which 
it is attached by means of a little round node. 
2. The node becomes a central disk and funicle. The sicula pro- 
duces at first one theca, then a second, a third, etc. 
3. With the budding of the first thecte, the growth of the gonangia 
already begins, with usually four small capsules. 
4. The further growth is marked by a remarkable lengthening of the 
hydrocaulus and a continued Vjudding of theca3 at the proximal end 
of the primary rhabdosome, along the hydrocaulus and toward the 
center. 
5. At last the gonangia mature and open. Many, or perhaps all of 
the siculaj, remain connected to the parent colony. The colony consists 
now of a rhabdosome, about half developed, which is the primary' one, 
bearing a basal cyst, central disk and funicle, and on these, bundles of 
siculte. 
6. These sicute grow out to rhabdosomes, the process beginning 
again with a lengthening of the hydrocauli. 
7. After this first generation of rhabdosomes has reached a certain 
age, a second generation of gonangia begins to grow. 
8. These latter open again and produce a new set of sicula?, around 
the center. The colony consists now of the primary rhabdosome, a ver- 
ticil of young rhabdosomes, and another of siculEe. This process is con- 
tinued, the successive generations of gonangia producing siculse which 
in turn develop into verticils of rhabdosomes." j. m. c. 
TIlc Bulletin of the Museu Pavaense (Para, Brazil), which has com- 
pleted its fourth number, gives gratifying evidence of the vitality of that 
institution. Its papers on the general natural history and ethnology of 
the state of Para and of Brazil generally, are of extraordinary interest 
and make a very creditable showing for this young museum and its in- 
dush-ious director, Dr. Emilio Goeldi. Dr. F, Katzer, who is widely 
known for his "Geology of Bohemia," has recently been appointed chief 
of the geological section, and contributes to volume 1, no. 4, October, 
1896, an interesting paper on the oldest fossiliferous beds of the Ama- 
zon region. Rocks of middle or upper Silurian age were discovered 
along the Rio Tromketas by the Morgan expeditions and their fossils 
have been identified by Hartt, Derby, and pretty fully described and il- 
lustrated by Clarke. Katzer now records the occurrence of graptolites 
along the Maecurie river, where, heretofore, only Devonian rocks have 
been recognized. Associated with them are masses of hexactinellid 
sponge spicules. The graptolites are not particularly described, but 
their presence may be regardetl as indicating lower or upper Silurian 
njcks in that region. Hexactinellid spicules have been observed by 
Clarke in the middle Silurian of the Tromketas, but graptolites have 
not before been reported from Brazil. j. m. c. 
Ueber Dictyonema cavernosuvi, n. sp., von Karl Wiman. (Bull. Ge(j]. 
Instit. of Upsala, No. 5, Vol. Til, 1890.) The description of this species 
which is very full is based on material prepared by the new methods 
