830 The American Geologist. Novum ter, is97 
pp. 213-241. with h map, thirteen plates, from ijhotographs, and eight 
figures in the text ; June, 1897.) This tiuely illustrated j)apor treats of 
the inland ice and its valley glaciers in the region of the large Umauak 
fjord, at lut. 71 degrees, near the middle of the west coast of (ireenland, 
including thc^ Karajak, Itivdliarsuk, and many smaller glaciers. The 
ice borders are always very steep to a hight of 20 to 10 feet or more, be- 
ing often precipitous, vertical or overhanging. Nearly everywhere they 
exhibit distinct layers, and the upper ice layers in some places project 
and appear to have moved forward faster than those next below. Very 
little drift was se«in inclosed in the ice, even near its base; l:)ut well de- 
fined moraines adjoin the ice front or are sometimes separated from it 
by a stream fed l)y the ice melting. Evidence of recent and long con- 
tinued glacial recession was observed. During the maximum extension 
of the Gi-eeuland ice-sheet, it is shown, by its erosion and rounding of 
the rock outlines, that it filled the Umanak fjord, enveloping its islands 
and the contiguous Nugsuak peninsula, and reaching beyond the jires- 
ent outer coast line. Likewise the ice-sheet of Baffin land is known to have 
flowed out into Baffin bay. The author therefore raises a question, which 
perhaps can never be certainly answered, whether these ice-sheets from 
the east and west became confluent, passing thence southward where 
the present sea is about 2.500 feet deep in Davis strait. With the greater 
preglacial altitude of the land, sixch extension of the arctic ice fields 
seems possible or even probable, while yet the mountain tops on the 
border of the high Greenland plateau may have risen at the same time 
as nunataks above the ice surface. w. u. 
A Handbook of the Genera of the North Ameriean Palceozoic 
Bryozoa. By George B. Simpson. (Fourteenth Annual Report of the 
N. Y. state geologist, 1897, pp. 403-66S, pis. 1-25.) The laudable inter- 
est of Prof. James Hall in the younger generation of palajoutologists. 
after having provided us with the excellent guide to the study of the 
Rraehlopoda by professors James Hall and John M. Clarke, now pre- 
sents us with a translation of Felix Bernard's Principles of Palajontol- 
ogy, and a "Handbook of the Genera of the Noi-th American Palseozoie 
Bryozoa''' by George B. Simpson. 
The latter work will be especially welcome to students, as the geolog- 
ical and pakeontological importance of the much neglected bi-yozoans 
has steadily increased since their rich development in the okier form- 
ations of North America became known. 
The handbook begins with a his.tarical introduction, in which a great 
amount of widely scattered literature has been used to show the devel- 
opment of our present conception of the bryozoans. A bibliography of 
the living forms, covering the time from 1599 to 1885, accompanies this 
chapter. This literature has further served to give a quite complete 
descriptioB of the anatomy and development of the bryozoans, the un- 
derstanding of which is aided by numerous illustrations. 
The restriction of the following chapter on the classification to an; 
enumeration of the families and genera is wise on account of the stilt 
unsatisfactory condition of the classification of the bryozoans. la 
