Drift of the North German Lowland.—NSalishury. 313 
dumping its surface material along a tolerably definite line. 
Where the line of dump was inconstant, the line widened to a belt, 
and here the -‘dump” moraine became a bowlder belt, which is 
but.a variety of a ‘‘dump” moraine. That this -‘duinp” moraine 
is to be distinguished from the greater belt with which it is asso- 
ciated is evident. The Germans have chosen to apply the name 
terminal moraine to this wall-like ridge alone. | What corresponds 
to our main terminal (submarginal) moraine, they have designated 
ground moraine (Grundimordnentandschaft), because it was accuin- 
ulated beneath the ice. We have chosen to designate both the 
@ to their ‘‘ground moraine landscape,” 
and the bowlder belts associated, terminal moraines, because they 
formation correspondin 
were accumulated at the terminus of the ice. We have separated 
the two types, as distinct varieties of the general species, terminal 
moraine. 
So far as I am able to ascertain from Dr. Wahnschatte’s volume, 
he regards the German terminal moraine as accumulated beneath 
the ice and composed of ground moraine material. It is therefore 
not easy to see why the term Ladimordine is more applicable to it. 
than to the Baltic ridge, if this latter were fashioned as Dr, Keil- 
hack believes, beneath the margin of the ice. According to Dr. 
Wahnschatfe’s view of its development, the designation terminal 
moraine would be inappropriate. since he does not believe it to 
have been made beneath the margin of the ice. Neither the Bal- 
tic ridge nor the Ladmordne mark the limit of ice advance in 
Germany in the second Glacial epoch, according to our author. 
In this respect the phenomena of Germany correspond with those 
of our own country, where the larger terminal moraines do not gen- 
erally mark the limit of ice advance, subsequent to the first glacial 
epoch. My own conclusion concerning the relation between the 
limit of the later advance of the ice, and the main terminal 
moraine, was the same as that of Dr. Wahnschatte. * 
Kumes(’?) Associated with the terminal moraine, there are. in 
various places, hills and sharp ridges of stratified sand and gravel 
(Durchragungsziige), partially, or sometimes wholly covered with 
upper till. These elevations are sometimes arranged in linear 
order, but they do not always sustain this relationship to each 
other, They may be more or less isolated. or may be so disposed 
as to form a belt. The layers of the sand and gravel constituting 
*Am. Jour. Sci. Vol. xxxv, p. £07, 1888. 
