98 Tlie American. Geologist. August, isoo 
promises grandly. We rode most of the twenty-five miles back after 
dark, and our canon was especially so. Next day we packed pro- 
visions, bedding, etc., on my mule and I walked eight miles and 
then mounting my guide's horse let the man walk eight more along 
the valleys of the Gallinas to find a new camp. * * * 
I am often glad that I nevec carry a pistol. It is all an absurdity, 
even from a defensive point of view! It is one of Mr. 's weak 
points, and I think he might as well put it in his trunk now." 
Camp Gallinas Cr., September 27, 1874. * * "I have over 75 
species of Vertebrate fossils, many new. * * * 'p^g most re- 
markable are toxodonts of four species and two new genera, which I 
call Calamodon and Ectoganus, varying from the size of a sheep to 
that of a cow. The order has never been found out of South Amer- 
ica before, and is in structure between rats and hoofed animals, espe- 
cially elephants. * * * The Indians have left the country. Last 
night (First day), I read and prayed in camp, but the Spaniards evi- 
dently do not understand. It is our only religious exercise, but I 
have succeeded in getting our cook to stop swearing, and I hope he 
will be over the habit altogether." 
"Camp N. W. from Nacimiento, New Mexico, October 11, 1874. 
* * * I have been at work on the bad lands, and hard work it is; 
much harder than last year. We go for a mile or more and do not 
see a fossil, and then when we find them they are badly broken. 
Still the results are more important than last year, owing to the 
antiquity of the beds. I have now some 90 species of vertebrates 
from this bed, six of them toxodonts. I have also discovered the 
deposits of another fresh water lake of much greater age, say lower 
Cretaceous, not many miles from here, which contains remains of 
saurians, — one like Laelaps I have a tooth and a vertebra. The soft 
bed of marl in which they occur is, if possible, redder than blood. 
* * * "First day, evening. We have finished our little worship, 
and a favored time we have had. I always feel the love of God after 
these services and sometimes during them. We missed last week, 
owing to rain. Our tents are too small for more than two persons, 
and outside it was too wet. To-night we sat around a fire of Pifion 
wood. I am now writing by its light stretched out on the ground." 
"One part of a day I spent in examining a village of ruined stone 
buildings of the extinct race which (?) once thickly peopled this coun- 
try, forming a small town which occupies a most inaccessible cliff near 
the Gallinas creek. It is a "hog-back" and drops off in a precipice 250 
to 300 feet on one side, and slopes at an angle of 45°-55° on the other, 
and is naked sandstone rock. The upper edge varies from three to 
twelve ft, wide, and here the houses stand in a row, with various 
interruptions, to the number of twenty-five. The walls are of large 
stones, sometimes very large, 2j/$ ft. thick, and there remain standing 
sometimes 15 feet of them, generally on the side next the down hill 
slope." 
