( 516 ) 
Metal damper at a . (Fig. 1). 
Some damping effect, especially g string much less fine than with- 
on the g string. Rather strong out damper, 
nasal sound. d harder and inferior. 
a inferior. 
e improved. 
none of the strings damped,respond 
as promptly as without. 
Metal damper at b. 
Some damping effect, especially g string better than usual, 
on the e string, e better than d „ worse „ 
usual. a 
e „ „ „ „ 
g, d and a respond more promptly 
than otherwise. The e string is 
slightly damped. 
Metal damper at c. 
Damping much stronger than at a. Mute effect on all strings, but 
Effect the same as with a mute, much more strongly damped 
only less good than with an than with the ordinary mute, 
ordinary mute. 
It will be seen that the two observers agree entirely as regards the 
main effect : the damper at c gives the ordinary mute effect. At a 
and b the effect is absent or at least only very small; again both 
observers find the effect of placing the clamp at a about the same 
as at b. 
The small differences in the results of the two observers may be 
due to individual differences but also to the great difference between 
the two instruments. 
The following observations prove also, that the parallel motion of 
the bridge has little influence in the transmission of the string motion 
to the roof of the violin. 
The observers and violins were the same as in the previous ex¬ 
periments and the same damper of 7 grammes was used. 
