( 557 ) 
by a change of the current of blood, the removal of creatine from 
the muscles is altered. It is, howeyer, not to be assumed that the 
differences observed should be attributed to this. 
With much more certainty, however, the connection between tonic 
contraction and formation of creatine in the frog may, in our 
opinion, be derived from another series of experiments in which, 
with exclusion of the current of blood, muscle-tonus was caused. 
We have exposed the muscles to the action of substances of quite 
different nature, which, however, resemble each other in the fact 
that they cause tonus, viz. : veratrine, nicotine, caleiumchloride 
rhodan-natrium and eoffeine. 
It is especially Bottazzi who has pointed out. the tonicizing action 
of veratrine 1 ). If the gastrocnemius of a frog is immersed in Ringer’s 
solution containing 1 :20000, or even less, veratrine, stimulation 
of the ischiadicus with a single induction-stroke causes a contraction 
which lasts much longer than with a muscle immersed in pure 
Ringer’s solution. To the rapid a slow contraction is added. 
In order to examine the influence on the formation of creatine 
the hindlegs of a frog were brought into the above mentioned cellu¬ 
loid basins, of which one was filled with Ringer’s solution, the other 
with the same solution, in which a definite quantity of veratrine 
had been dissolved. Now the two ischiadici were, from the pelvis, 
during half an hour, stimulated 24 times per minute alternately with 
a closing and an opening induction-stroke. After that the muscles were 
prepared off, and with the liquid in which they had been immersed, 
treated in the usual way for the determination of creatine. The 
result was: 
Ringer’s solution Yeratrine. 
(1:40000) 
I 3.442 3.561 
( 1 : 20000 ) 
II 3.189 3.389 
(1:5000) 
III 3.056 3.430 
IY 3.250 3.670 
(1 :1000) 
V 3.029 3.429 
In III, IV and V the legs immersed in veratrine ceased to con¬ 
tract before the half hour had elapsed. Besides these legs showed m 
the end some stiffness in these experiments. 
Difference. 4 
0.119 
0.200 
0.374 
0.420 
0.400 
0 loc, cit. 
