Santa Barbara Channel^ etc. — Yates. 49 
Santa Cruz. 
I had intended to make an examination of the island of 
Santa Cruz, but was refused permission to land for that pur- 
pose, by the Santa Cruz island company, so that I can only 
give notes on some widely separated localities ; but as Prof. 
Goodyear of the state survey spent some time on that island 
last spring, we shall learn something of its geology from the 
published reports of the survey. 
At Smugglers' harbor, near the southeasterly extremity of 
the island we found an interesting exposure, where the basalt, 
volcanic breccia and white bituminous shale may be seen in 
juxta position, the shale twisted and contorted by uplift of the 
underlying rock ; the breccia composed of irregular fragments 
of vericular basalt cemented by trachytic cement. 
Twenty-five miles from Smugglers' harbor, at the northwest- 
erly extremity of Santa Cruz, Forney's cove affords a safe and 
convenient harbor, protected by a narrow neck of basaltic rock 
extending southerly from the main island. 
From Forney's cove we follow the coast of the island, com- 
posed of perpendicular basaltic rocks similar to those of the 
Anacapas, to Lady harbor ; just before reaching which we visit 
a beautiful cave with three openings, one towards the west, 
one towards the south into which the water of the ocean ex- 
tends some distance affording a good landing on its pebbly 
beach'; the other opening towards the east at the mouth of a 
wooded canon which from this point rises rapidly towards the 
high mountains which are here but a short distance from the 
north shore. The westerly opening of this cave is exquisitely 
beautiful, the large arch and roof showing the minute details 
of the conglomerates, the irregular ' fragments of which lie 
scattered about, and project from the cementing material from 
Avhich they are continually Aveathering out, leaving a ragged 
surface among the projecting points of which Polypodiums, 
Penstamons, and other interesting plants flourish in the 
greatest luxuriance. I have never seen such a magnifi- 
cent growth of Polypodiums elsewhere as I saw fringing the 
mouth of this beautiful cave. 
Santa Rosa. 
The longer axis of Santa Rosa island, as also of the other 
Channel islands is parellel with the coast and the Santa Ynez 
range of mountains. 
