238 The American Geologist. April, i89« 
The collection of fossils brought down was a very good one 
and they have all passed under Dr. Leidy's scrutiny (some of 
them having been illustrated by him) and are now in the New 
York Museum of Natural History in New York city. It is 
unusual that the man who first gave aid and encouragement 
to a beginner should live to receive the award of a medal 
founded in honor of the latter. 
REVIEW OF RECENT GEOLOGICAL LITERATURE, 
The geology of Ontario, with special reference to economic minerals- 
By Robert Bell, B.A.Sc, M.D., LL.D., member of the Royal Com- 
mission on the mineral resources of Ontario. Toronto, pp. 57. (From 
the report of the Royal Commission). This report consists of a con- 
cise general review of the geology of Ontario, specially enumerating 
the mineral productions that have attracted attention and the possi- 
bilities of further development. Below the drift are enumerated the 
Devonian, Silurian, Cambrian, Huronian and Laurentian, with their 
subdivisions. Their geographic areas are described, and their 
economic resources, employing the names of the formations that were 
applied by the New York geologists. Dr. Bell has personally visited 
and examined very many of these mineral deposits, and his descrip- 
tiens have, therefore, the value and accuracy which belong to the work 
of an experienced geologist. 
The crystalline rocks are embraced under the term Azoic, and are 
divided into Huronian and Laurentian, each with an "upper" and a 
"lower" portion. Above these are what Dr. Bell calls Cambrian, con- 
taining the Animikie, the Nipigon and the Potsdam. The greater por- 
tion of the developed economic minerals of Ontario are contained 
in the Azoic and Cambrian. 
The Lower Laurentian is apparently barren of metallic ores, but the 
anorthosites, and the gneisses and limestones of the upper series, (the 
equivalent of the gabbro and the Mesabi gneisses in Minnesota) con- 
tain a considerable variety of them. Here are mentioned iron ores, 
graphite and apatite ; but no localities are given where these minerals 
are mined in the Upper Laurentian. 
In the "Huronian" as defined, including all the rocks from the 
Laurentian to the fossiliferous strata of the Primordial, are found by 
far the most of the economic mineral products of Ontario, and Dr. Bell 
styles this the metalliferous series. Here are mentioned some localities 
that promise to be valuable as iron producers. These are mostly north 
of lake Superior, and are thought to be associated with the same 
rocks as those of Tower. Dr. Bell has fallen into a misapprehension, 
however, respecting the iron ore north of Gunflint lake. It is found 
near the bottom of the Animikie, whereas that of Hunter's island is in 
