244 The American Geologist. April, i89o 
These rocks contain an abundance of fossils, of which very full lists are 
given, which appear to represent the basal beds of the system, some of 
the species being common to the upper members of the Silurian as 
well. These outcroiJS appear to be the remains of a formerly extensive 
and wide-spread development of these rocks of this system, the greater 
part of which has been entirely removed. 
The only rocks referable to the Silurian appear to be certain reddish 
shales which rest upon the fossiliferous Hudson River beds near the 
St. Lawrence. These are seen on the Becancour river and other 
streams to the north ; but as the surface is largely covered with drift 
and outcrops of each are very rare, the limits of the basins must of 
necessity be largely conjectural. No fossils have as yet been found 
in these shales. The Cambro-Silurian includes certain shales and 
limestones which are the continuation to the northeast of those 
described in the previous report, 1886, and which are there character- 
ized by fossils, chiefly graptolites of Trenton-Utica age. Many of the 
limestones of this series have been found to contain fossils often deter- 
minable by the microscope, which have also been assigned to the 
horizon of the Lower Trenton. In this system is also now included 
certain portions of the Quebec group, more especially that known as 
the fossiliferous Levis division, as well as a peculiar series of bitumin- 
ous shales and limestones which occur in the city of Quebec and on 
the north side of the island of Orleans and which contain a fauna 
apparently of Trenton-Utica age, but in which many species, not other- 
wise recognized in the Cambro-Silurian sediments of the province, are 
found. The formations of the Trenton, Utica and Hudson River or 
Loraine shales which are well displayed about Montmorency Falls, 
Quebec, and along the St. Lawrence above that city are described 
and very complete lists of fossils from various localities are furnished. 
Under the head of Cambro-Silurian and Cambrian is given a very 
full account of "the Quebec group." A summary of the various views 
expressed by the several writers on the subject, since the first paper by 
Dr. Bigsby in 1827, is presented, and the conclusions arrived at from 
careful study in the field by the author as to the exact stratigraphical 
relations of the several divisions of the group are there stated. From 
this it appears that the fossiliferous Levis portion, formerly regarded 
as the lowest member of the group, is really the upper, and that it 
overlies the red and green shales and sandstones of the Sillery. This 
is shown stratigraphically by a series of sections, first along the St. 
Lawrence above Quebec, between Cape Rouge and Sillery, and by sec- 
tions across the rocks at Levis City, as well as at other points further in- 
land. The evidence of the upper position of the Levis thus presented 
is supported by the fossils which have been collected from well defined 
zones, at different points, which have been determined by Prof. Lap- 
worth and by Mr. H. M. Ami. A brief abstract of Prof. Lapworth's 
paper is given from which it appears that the Levis fossiliferous rocks 
should be regarded as forming the lowest portion of the Ordovician or 
