Review of Recent Geological Literature. 247 
lists of fossils, and large areas which have been described in the 
reports of that state as of Devonian age are shown to probably belong 
to the Niagara formation of the Silurian system. In a comparison of 
the strata of southern with that of northern New Brunswick and 
Quebec it is noted that the physical movements which occurred at 
that time resulted, in the southern area, in a general elevation which 
caused the upper portions of the Silurian to be but slightly, if at all, 
represented, while in the northern region the movements were fol- 
lowed by a subsidence lasting to the end of the Silurian era or beyond, 
during which the thick marine beds of the lower Gaspe series which 
include heavy layers of coral-bearing limestone, were deposited. A 
table is given at the end in which, for convenience of reference, the 
strata in the southern and northern portions are tabulated together 
and the correspondence between them shown. The numerous lists of 
fossils which are given throughout the report have been mainly pre- 
pared by Mr. Ami. The map, which is not yet issued, is promised 
shortly. It forms sheet No. 17 N.E. of the series of New Brunswick 
maps. 
R. Chalmers writes on the Surface geology of northeastern New 
Brunswick, 33 pages with two maps. Among the more important 
facts noted is the existence of preglacial rock debris or gravels and 
sands, resting onpre-Cambrian and middle Carboniferous areas, and 
more or less overspread with drift, from which the author concludes 
that the ice-sheet there had no great thickness and therefore failed to 
remove the whole of the pre-existing decayed rock material. 
The mineral wealth of British Columbia, with an annotated list of local- 
ities of minerals of economic value, 163 pages, by Dr. George M. Dawson, 
is a most useful publication, reviewing briefly the physical features 
and geology of this province, where the author has spent many sum- 
mers in field-work, and more fully relating the history of the discovery 
and development of its very productive mines of gold, silver and coal. 
During the years 1859 to 1865 over 4,000 miners worked in the gold 
placers, but since 1875 the number has averaged about 2,000, the yearly 
earnings per man varying from $1,200 to about $250. From the dis- 
coveries of the last two years. Dr. Dawson predicts that British Colum- 
bia will soon rank among the great silver-producing regions of the 
world. Argentiferous galenas are known to occur throughout a belt 
1,200 miles long, from the international boundary to the Yukon. In 
coal production the province has steadily advanced to an average 
annual output of about 400,000 tons, three-quarters of it finding a 
market in California. 
A report on the mining and mineral statistics of Canada for the year 
1887, by Eugene Coste, occupies 110 pages ; and Chemical contributions 
to the Geology of Canada from the laboratory of the survey, by G. Chris- 
tian Hoffmann, 58 pages. 
Systematic list of fossils with localities, etc. (Contained in the appen- 
