Lower and Middle Taconic. — Marcou. 369 
to send me lately, with many manuscript notes to make it 
more clear, the division n contains all the Paradoxides beds ; 
and below that great formation, Mr. Howley has found in his 
division m, which he calls Top-Sail Head, a special fauna, 
composed according to Billings and Mr. Matthew of the fol- 
lowing species : Paradoxidesf Solenopleura homhifi^ons, 
Ptychoparia, Agraulos strenuus, Stenotheca ;paupera^ 
Iphidea, Straparollina? and Hyalites micmac. All those 
fossils belong to old forms, which can be easily compared 
with the fauna of the Scandinavian formation of Norway, 
Sweden and Britain. 
Both Billings and Matthew, with their great knowledge of 
primordial trilobites, and Howley with his long j^ractical 
experience in the field — three excellent judges — have referred 
the most important trilobite found in the "Top Sail Head 
division," or "horizon of Agraulos strenuus^'' as it is called by 
Mr. Matthew, to a primitive form of the Paradoxides family, 
and even Mr. Matthew goes so far as to point out its resem- 
blance to Paradoxides {Holmia) TtjerulU ("On the Cambrian 
fauna of Cape Breton and Newfoundland, May, 1886, in Trans. 
Roy. SoG. Canada, p. 148). Billings in 1870 called it a "sup- 
posed Paradoxides.'^ As all three know perfectly well the 
typical Olenellus (Elliptocephalus) thomjysoni of Georgia, 
Belle Isle strait and Canada, and that instead of referring the 
fragment of trilobite of Top Sail Head to Olenellus, they were 
lead to compare it with a Paradoxides, is a strong proof of 
their acumen and great knowledge of the Paradoxidean 
forms. And to them is due not only the exact stratigraphic 
position of the strata, which in Newfoundland correspond to 
and are the exact equivalent of the Scandinavian group, but 
also the comparison and synchronism of the principal and 
most characteristic trilobite found there, with the Holmia 
kjeruia of Norway and Scania. So that, since 1868, 1870 and 
1886, thanks to the researches and discoveries of Messrs. 
Howley, Billings and Matthew, we know that in Newfound- 
land exists a group with a special fauna below the great Par- 
adoxides zone, which corresponds harmoniously with the 
Holmia {Paradoxides) hjervM beds of Scandinavia. In 188& 
Mr. Walcott visited, in Conception bay, the localities so long 
described and Avell classified by Mr. Howley ; and as he is a 
very remarkable fossil finder, he succeeded in collecting a 
