96 The American Geologist. August, i904. 
II. The A'ertical Range of Certain Ordovician 
Brachiopoda. 
5. DalinancUa cuiacerata, D. multisccta, D. mceki, D. 
jugosa. 
The lowest layers of the Trenton exposure along the Ohio 
river opposite Warsaw contain a large species of Dalmanella, 
usually 21, and occasionally 26 mm. wide. Compared with 
Dalmanella cniacerata, its radiating striae are coarser and 
more distant; and the pedicle valve is more convex. Fifty 
feet above the river, west of the home of Louis Botts, the top 
of the Trenton contains Eridotrypa briarcus, Eridotrypa inii- 
tabilis, and Prasopora slmulatrix. In the central part of Ken- 
tucky this species of Dalmanella often is fairly common in the 
lower part of the Trenton. Typical specimens of Dalmanella 
emaccrafa occur in the Lower and ]Middle Utica at Cincinnati. 
The original shells must have been very thin ; owing to pres- 
sure they have almost invariably been crushed flat. At \'evay, 
they are found in the Middle L'tica, between 90 and 100 feet 
below the top of the L'tica. The most abundant brachiopod 
of the Utica is Dalmanella mulfisecta. It ranges practically 
throughout the entire formation. In southern Indiana it is es- 
pecially abundant in the upper part of the L'tica, this fossil and 
Dekayella nlrichi extending to the very top. 
In southern Indiana, the top of the Utica frequently is 
overlaid by a bryozoan layer varying from 2 to 4 feet in thick- 
ness, and consisting chiefly of numerous fragments of Callo- 
pora dalei and C. subplaiia. Consfcllaria constellata-promincns, 
Dekayia asp era, Hctcrotrypa frond osa, and Perenopora z'cra 
usually are present, but are much less abundant. At Vevay 
this layer contains also Aniplexopora septosa, Homotrypa cin- 
cinnatiensis, and Phylloporina variolafa. In Indiana, Dalman- 
ella miiltisecta is practically absent in the Lorraine, being 
known at this horizon only at one locality, Guilford, and there 
only in the lowest beds. 
Dalmanella niecki is common in the Fairmount bed at Ham- 
ilton, Ohio. It is common at the same horizon at New Tren- 
ton, in Indiana. It is found in small numbers half a mile east 
of Dillsboro station, near the base of the Fairmount, and 
also west of Dillsboro station, near the upper St>'opJwmena 
planiconvexa horizon. Southwest of this locality it appears 
