196 The American Geologist. September, 1904. 
After citing the possible existence of glaciers on Atkha island, Dav- 
idson reviews at considerable length those on Unalaska island, the Pe- 
ninsula of Alaska, Cook's inlet, Kachemak bay, Kiani peninsula, Prince 
William sound, Yakutat bay and from Glacier bay to Str.kheen river. 
Tebenkofs charts mark the positions of thirty glaciers ; these, as 
noted by Davidson, are (a) on the southeast coast of the peninsula of 
Alaska north of Agripina bay, three; (b) on the southeast coast of 
Kenai peninsula, eleven, then follow (c) the great glaciers fronting on 
the ocean betv/een Icy bay and Lituya bay, including Malaspina, Yakutat 
and Fairweather glaciers; the apparently recent obliteration of Icy bay 
and the uncovering of the northeastern part of Yakutat bay and of the 
entire Disenchantment bay region are marked features in this group ; 
(d) the next group is on the north shore of Cross sound, where Teben- 
kof charts eight important glaciers, two of which indicate that Taylor 
bay has been blocked by an advance of Brady glacier, and that the 
three easterly glaciers as mapped by Tebenkof, indicate an extensive 
retreat which has uncovered Glacier bay and its entire group of tribu- 
tary glaciers. Davidson recites quite reliable Indian legends supporting 
the evidence furnished by these early charts : (e) the most southerly 
glaciers mapped by Tebenkof are, one on the north shore of Taku inlet 
and one on the east shore of Frederick sound north-northeast from 
Wrangell narrows; this glacier must have come from the great Stakheen 
mer de Glace, and in 1835 filled Frederick sound and Wrangell nar- 
rows with bergs. Glaciers also reached tide water here in 1867 — but 
today these glaciers do not flow into tide v/ater with sufficient energy 
to give off bergs. 
These constitute the glaciers mapped up to the date of Tebenkofs 
atlas and when compared by Davidson with later chartings show marked 
retreat in most cases. 
Later records are also fully reviewed by Davidson. The most in- 
teresting points brought out by him are: (i) the probable recent open- 
ing of Doran strait and Harriman fiord by the recession of Washington 
and Barry glaciers, thus permitting the Harriman expedition in 1899 to 
first expose the splendid group of glaciers to the west of Doran strait. 
(2) The retreat of two and one-half miles of the Kachemak bay glac- 
iers. (3) The changes since Vancouver's survey in the Pore Valdes 
region. (4) The probable recession in the glaciers of Taku inlet since 
Lt. Whidbey's description in 1794. 
Davidson concludes, p. 92: "So far as we can judge there has been 
a general recession of the glaqjers through Aleutian islands, the pe- 
ninsula of Alaska, and from Cook's inlet to Portland canal ; except 
where they come directly or almost upon the broad ocean." 
The evidence of advance seems clear at Wimbleton or Taylor bay, 
just inside cape Spencer, at Icy strait, since the survey of Whidbey; 
but the recent topographical survey by the United States Coast and 
Geodetic Survey shows a retreat behind the terminal moraine which it 
has left as a record. 
