348 The American Geologist. December. i904. 
Farther down the stream are outcrops of the reddish Bed- 
ford shale below which are excellent ones of the Ohio shale, 
which in places forms banks from 30 to 40 feet in height. This 
shale may be followed for a mile along the creek to the four 
corners where are good exposures both east and west of the 
road bridge, fifteen feet or more in height, very clean cut and 
characteristic. 
The stream to the north of the one just described gives per- 
haps the best exposures of the Bedford shale for this region ; 
below which is the Ohio shale. * 
WATERLOO AND JEFFERSON 
On the southern bank of Little Walnut creek, just east of 
the covered bridge three-fourths of a mile southeast of Wat- 
erloo on the George Loucks' farm is an exposure of twenty 
feet of red Bedford shale. This outcrop extends to water 
level and is capped by the Berea grit, which forms a small ledge 
on the bank of the creek at this locality. This exposure shows 
that in this region the red color of the Bedford shale extends 
nearly tO' the base of the Berea grit. This bank of red shale 
is about one mile south of the Hocking Valley railroad. 
Chestnut ridge, two miles east of Lithopolis, forms a con- 
spicuous feature of the landscape in a region of such uniformly 
low relief as that of central Ohio'. The ridge is composed of a 
coarse grained, yellow, massive sandstone which is the base of 
the formation so conspicuously shown in the Hocking valley 
twelve miles to the southeast, near Lancaster. This ridge is, 
therefore, geologically and topographically the outlier of the 
picturesquely eroded cliffs and slopes which give to the Hock- 
ing valley its beautiful scenery. 
Jefferson Section 
At the northern end of Chestnut Ridge is the small village 
of Jefferson to the south of which on the hill is the quarry of 
Mr. J. E. Cross. The following section was obtained com- 
mencing at the rear of the school-house vard and extending up 
the hill to the top of the quarry : 
Total 
No. Thickness, thickness. 
10. Soil. 3' 156' 
9. Rather thin bedded brownish to yellowish 10' 151' 
sandstone. Fairly massive stratum at the base. 
