A. Winchell on the Animike in Minnesota. 21 
Irving appears to regard the vertical schist as part of the assem- 
blage of crystalline schists and gneisses holding a position be- 
neath the iron-bearing schists of Vermilion lake while I consider 
them without a doubt, to be the equivalent of the iron-bearing 
and iron-enclosing schists themselves. In my view, conse- 
quently, the Animike slates of his figure 7 are quite another 
thing from the "Vermilion Iron Scries" of the same figure. 
The grounds of my divergent interpretation of the approximated 
formations will be fully stated in another place. 
The junction between the Animike slates and the underlying 
vertical or Kewatin slates is interestingly shown at other local- 
ities. At the southeastern point of Epsilon lake, at the end of 
the portage from Zeta lake, — both in T. 64, R. 6 W. — occurs a 
high cliff of dark argillyte cleaved by smooth planes running 
N.30° E, and having a southward dip of 75° . But the faces of 
the sheets are marked by a fibrous striation dipping westerly at 
an angle of 54° . This, if a sedimentary dip, is such that the 
Ogishke conglomerate, which disappears northerly not far from 
this spot, would be found underlying. 
A third of a mile north from here, on the east side of Epsilon 
lake, dark argillyte of character similar to the last, forms a high 
bluff in which the usual cleavage planes strike N. 35° E, and 
dip southward 67° • Here, however, are colored bands running 
across the faces of the laminte, and dipping westward at an angle 
of 14° ; but further examination shows these bands to be lines 
of bedding which dip southward at an angle of 60° . Here then, 
appear to be two localities in w hich the usual vertical slatiness 
exists, while the bedding is quite unconformable. But these 
features belong to the whole exj^osure, and the slate presents 
lithologically the characters of the argillytes of the Animike. 
Half a mile beyond the last locality, and on the north side of 
the lake, is an outcrop of bluish, somewhat irregular, argillyte, 
which rises in a hill a hundred feet high, separating Epsilon 
lake from the southern bifurcation of Arm IV of Knife lake. 
The formation here posesses the usual schistic structure of the 
vertical schists of the Vermilion iron-bearing schists, but dis- 
closes no diagonal ribboning on the lateral surfaces of the sheets. 
The schistosity is evidently coincident with the sedimentation 
planes. 
