(Review of 'Recent Literature. 6i 
siders the marginal shore-line strata of the Waverly, found in Warren 
county, Pennsylvania. 
The summit plates in blastoids, criuoids, and cystids, and their morph- 
ological relations. By Charles Wachsmuth, and Frank Springer. 
(From the proceedingsof the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. 
March, 1887.) The authors take issue with Etheridge and Carpenter, of 
the British Museum, in their catalogue of the blastoidea, in their state- 
ment that these plates do not, as a rule, present any very definite ar- 
rangement, though they exhibit a series of variations in number and posi- 
tion in some degree corresponding to similar variations in the palceocrin- 
oidea, and that they vary from five closely united plates, fully covering the 
summit, to a set of six proximal plates surrounding a central one. Such 
a variation, from five closely fitting plates to six or more around another 
the authors do not consider established by the evidence that is adduced. 
The morfhology of the carince upon the septa of rugose corals; sixteen 
plates. By Mary E. Holmes, A. M. (Presented as a thesis for the degree 
of doctor of philosophy in the University of Michigan, June, 1887.) This 
article, which reveals in a lucid manner the minute, discriminating 
though quiet work done in the paheontological department of the Uni. 
versity of Michigan, comes to the conclusion that the carinre are not ag- 
gregations of crystals, — mineralized surface decorations — but, in substance 
and structure, are homogeneous with the coral itself, are normal out- 
growths from the septa, and not homologous with any of the usually 
recognized structures; also that they had functional value in the animals 
themselves, even where the vesicular tissue is almost whollv wanting. 
Description of primordial fossils from Mt. Stephens, N. W. Territory 
of Canada. By Dr. C. Rominger. (From the proceedings of the Acad- 
emy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 1887.) This new locality of 
primordial fossils furnishes the following species: Ogvgia Klotzi and O. 
serrata, both new forjns; also Embolimus spinosa, and E. rotundata, new 
forms; also Mcnocephahis salteri Billings, Conocephalites cordillcrcE (new), 
Bathyurus, Agnostus, Obolella and a Thcca resembling T. primordialisW^W. 
Untcrsuchungen ucber Gesteine und Mineralien aus West Indien. Von 
Dr. J. H. Kloos (Sammlungen des geologischen reichs Museums in 
Leiden, December, 1886). Dr. Kloos describes a ncAV calcium-phos- 
phate which he names martinite, obtained by P)-of. Martin on the island 
of Curacoa. It was found as a pseudomorph after gypsum. From the 
island of Aruba he describes among the massive diorytes, quartz-dioryte, 
augite-dioryte and gabbro, porphyritic dioryte and dioryte-porphyrv, and 
mikrocline-granite. From the region schists he describes soine sub- 
crystalline sedimentaries and diabase, porphyritic rocks, and some 
schistose amphibole-bearing rocks. These rocks are entirely different, 
according to Dr. Kloos, from any that have before been bi-ought from 
the islands of Aruba and Curacoa, constituting in the western part of 
Bonaire, mountain ranges. He considers it likely, though not proven by 
any certain evidence, that the eruptive rocks are younger than the sedi- 
mentary strata of the island of Curacoa, which are of Cretaceous age 
