N. H. Wine hell on a great Trimordlal Quarizyte. 173 
. The analysis thus shows that the coal is veritable anthracite. 
From the letter of Mr. Pugh, I take the following- state- 
ments. 
"This coal basin lies in the valley of the Bow river, in the 
Province of Alberta, Northwest Territory of Canada. We 
have prospected the croppings on the north edge of the basin for 
something like twenty miles. There are a number of seams,' 
perhaps twent}^ or more, in the basin, varying in thickness from 
an inch to fifty feet. # * * These veins all dip to 
the south from thirty-two to forty-five degrees, and have a 
sandstone bottom and slate roof." * * * ""We have made 
an opening above water level and driven a tunnel 209 ft. at 
right angles with the coal seams, and have driven 3,500 ft. 
of gangways and the same number of feet of headings and air- 
ways." "We have machinery for breaking and preparing the 
coal on the ground." "We have mined, perhaps, 5,000 tons, 
most of which has been sent to the Pacific coast." 
I understand that the Canadian Pacific Railway runs through 
the basin above referred to. 
Minneapolis^ Feb. 20, 1888. 
A GREAT PRIMORDIAL QUARTZYTE. 
BY X. H. WINCHELL. 
The recent announcement by Mr. Walcott that the "Granular 
quartz" of the Taconic system contains the fauna of the Georgia 
slates of Vermont, provokes a series of reflections that lead to 
interesting and probable generalizations respecting the equiva- 
lents of the Granular Quartz in other parts of the country. 
The Granular quartz of Dr. Emmons' Taconic forms a moun- 
tain range extending northward, through Pownal, Wallingford, 
and Bristol to Starksboro, Vermont, where, according to the geo- 
logists of the Vermont survey, it terminates abruptly, and the 
name is changed without any intervening strata, to "Red sand- 
rock," and as a red sandrock it constitutes, in their opinion, an 
independent series of mountains, but really unites with another 
spur of the same coming from the southwest. The combined 
series then extends northward constituting the "Red sandrock" 
