Editorial Comment. 247 
lie has kept the stipulations of the contract to the end of the 
specified period. 
The most plausible ground of complaint against an employer 
is the neglect to make public acknowledgment of results pro- 
duced under the contract by the employ^, in cases where the 
terms of the contract do not expressly provide for such acknowl- 
edgement. Where alternative courses are open to the em- 
ployer, the employ^ should see beforehand that the contract 
provide for one course or the other. If he does not, neither 
party has liberty to elect arbitrarily which course shall be pur- 
sued. Usage must control. If the contract does not specify 
that the employ^, in addition to his material recompense, shall 
be publicly credited for his work, then the employer is not at 
liberty to hold arbitrarily that no such credit shall be given; 
^nd the employe is not at liberty to hold arbitrarily that it shall 
be given. The contract must be construed in the light of 
•existing usage. But if usage be divided, either party may in- 
sist on the usage preferred by him; but neither can have redress 
if his view is not accepted by the other. However, as the giv- 
ing or witholding of public credit is necessarily the act of the 
•employer, his decision on the usage to be followed will neces- 
sarily prevail, and the employ^ has no redress. 
Does any usage exist then, in reference to the accordance 
of public credit for work done, in additional to the material re- 
compense? The director of a geological survey is himself the 
employ^ of the State The results of his investigations are pub- 
lished under his own name. It has never been known that the 
name of the State was subscribed to the results, to the exclusion 
•of that of the director. In this case, however, the agency of 
the State is a minimum, and does not embrace an}' part of the 
intellectual effort represented in the result. 
The director of a geological survey generally employs assis- 
tants. These receive pay for their services and also credit 
for the professional work personally performed. The Director 
of the United States survey surrenders all claim to the credit 
for results attained. The Chiefs of Divisions also, divide honors 
with their subordinates in the proportion of results attained 
severally. Every worker receives his pay, and such reputation 
as he can make in addition. Not less, where the work of a 
