3i8 Taylor on Geology in our 'Preparatory Schools. 
2. Crystallography. 
a. Make with appropriate notes a drawing illustrating 
each of the six systems of crystallization. 
b. Make, of paste-board, clay, plaster of paris, or putty, 
forms illustrating the six systems. 
c. Classify and describe at least six minerals with refer- 
ence to their crystallization. 
3. Collect, classif}^, label and neatly arrange in a neat box 
at least twenty-five minerals. 
//. Paleontology. 
1. Determination and written descriptions of at least ten 
species of brachiopods. Generally it is best not to aim to class- 
ify further than the family name; the object being to give the 
pupil a clear knowledge of the history and structure of geolog- 
ical species as compared with existing shells. The pupil should 
be able to determine the characteristics of the shell; viz. loca- 
tions of the dorsal and ventral valves, forms of internal sup- 
ports and external markings, beak, hinge-line, cardinal area, 
deltidium, and internal muscular impressions. In studying ex- 
ternal markings observe the length, width, and thickness of the 
shell, also the sinus, median depression, width and length of the 
hinge-area, prominence of the beak, number and size of the 
striations, lines of growth and the comparative measurements of 
the shell. The forms of the former internal structure in part, 
may be reproduced by the pupil, who thus gains a more accurate 
and precise knowledge of the internal markings of the fossil 
brachiopod. If desired other classes of animals may be substi- 
tuted for the brachiopod, and studied in a similar manner. 
2. Monographs. 
The pupil should draw more or less in all geological work, 
but historical and stratigraphical geology offers special advan- 
tages in this direction. Under this heading the pupil may easily 
be given some idea of the methods of preparing plates and 
making notes and descriptions. The teacher can not do better 
than model this work after the plan of standard paleontologi- 
cal reports; making three parts of the descriptions; viz. one 
plate each, for drawings, exj^lanations and general notes. The 
drawings may be made with the pencil, but the explanations 
