Juirhl Prolozod. — Mdlthtw. 147 
one describing Foramini t'era from the same rocks: and the 
two form together a very important contribution to our 
knowledge of the pre-Cambrian faunas, which gradually begin 
to unfold themselves. The present seems a fitting time to 
give a brief outline of what is known of these ancient faunas 
and especially to review the work of Mr. C^a^'^eux. 
Since 1865, when Sir Wm. Dawson described to geologists 
the characters of Eozoon, a controversy as to the existence of 
pre-Cambrian animals has gone on, and many naturalists 
found it ditticult to satisfy themselves of the organic origin 
of the object which provoked this controversy. 
The cause of this skepticism is not far t(t look for; it is 
owing to the imperfect preservation of the characteristic 
structures of such ancient fossils. Mr. ( ayeux has met witli 
the same cold reception for his pre-C"ambrian rhizopods; for 
while satisfied himself, he could not convince others, owing to 
the obscureness of the examples first studied. However, after 
arduousl}" working for two years, he not only discovered 
many new forms, but found some so well preserved that their 
characteristics could not be gainsaid. Eozoon will in the same 
way win its wa}'^ to general recognition ; anyone who has been 
so fortunate as to find and study well-preserved "canals" of 
Eozoon will hardly dispute the organic origin of that form. 
As we approach the base of tiie Cambrian the Protozoa be- 
come more marked as a constituent part of the faunas, per- 
haps because at the upper horizons they are masked by or- 
ganisms of higher type and liave not been so assiduously 
looked for. This at least would be the inference drawn from 
a glance through the lists of species of that age that have 
been presented to the scientific world. Thus Foi-aminifera, 
sponges and other Protozoa have been found a common con- 
stituent of the Ellipsocephalus (or Protolenus) fauna (below 
the Paradoxides fauna) in Acadia (eastern nuiritinic prov- 
inces of Canada).* 
Except sponge remains, no Protozoa arc described from 
the Olenellus zone in the United States. 
A variety of forms referable to the Protozoa are also to be 
*Si't' On PhosjiliMti' nodules rrmii tlic ( ';iiiil)riiin of Soiillu'rii New 
Brunswick, i)y \V. I). Maltlicw. Trans. N. ^'ork .Vcadmiy of Scirncrs. 
vol. XII. Apr.. ISi):!. 
