184 The Anicn'cdii GcoUiijIst. March, 1895 
Trenton limi'stone, showiiij;' wnmisUikabh' evidence of or.uaiii/.ation, is 
a matter of great interest and imi)ortance. 
In his remarks upon Buthoyraptus Iuxuk, regrarded h\ Hall and otliers 
as a graptolile. Prof. Whitfield mentions the absence of an.\ cells on the 
stipes or branches, and points out I he peculiar arlictdiit ion of IIh' i)in- 
nules to the stems. The mode of growth is similar to thai of the mod- 
ern frenus (J((itlerpn, but from this it differs in having- the i)innules ar- 
ticulated to the stipe by a club-shaped base, instead of their being 
simply ramifications of the central stipe. He objects to the use of the 
name Buthograptxts and believes Buthocluotux would be a better term. 
Two new genera and three new species are described. All but one 
are from the Trenton of Wisconsin, and this one occurs in the Trenton 
of New York. One of the forms was long ago noticed by Hall under 
the name of Oldhamia frutico.vi. It is so obviously distinct from OUl- 
htinda, however, that it requires little argument to remove it from this 
genus, and accordingly Prof. Whitfield has proposed for it the name of 
Canit/ta m nop.ns frutki>m CHaU). For a second species associated with 
the first and referred by Hall to his Old/iannn fntticom, Pn)f. Whitfield 
[)roposes the name Cluvtomorphd ? prbim. It does not seem at all likely 
that the modern, living genus ClMtinniirpha dates back to the Trenton, 
and Prof. Whitfield would, perhaps, have done better in pro|)o8ing a 
new name like C/tw<rt»fO/7:)/wiVZe;«, for example. F(M- while it maybe like 
Chu'tomorpha, it is less likely to be the same genus. 
For the third and fourth species the new generic and specific names 
of Ch(f(ork(dii,s pluvt.iila and Primicorallina trentcmenm are [)roposed. The 
first of tliese is associated with those previously mentioned in Wiscon- 
sin: the second occurs in New York. This last sijecies is very interest- 
ing in its structure and reminds one l)y its general habit and mode of 
growth of the modern fresh-water alga Batrachospermum gelatiaosuvt. 
In this species both the primary and secondary branches or pinnules are 
more numerous than in the fossil, but the mode of growth in the two is 
suHiciently similar to make a comparison justifiable. 
We are glad to see at last some fossil forms from this older formation 
which all can refer toasalgje without (pierying whether or not they may 
be of inorganic or of animal origin. J. v. .(. 
Front ihc G reeks to Dancin, — An Outline of the Derelopiuent of the Kroln- 
tion [(lea. I5y Henuy Fairfield Osijokn. Sc. I).. De Costa Professor of 
Biology in Columbia College. Macmillan iV Co. This work of 'io!) 
pages is divided into si.v chapli-rs with the following titles: I. The 
Anticipation and Interpretation of Nature: II. Among th(> (ireeks: III. 
The Theologians and Natural Philosoi)hers: IV. The Evolutionists of 
the Eighteenth Century: V. From Lamarck to. St. Hil.-iire: VI. Darwin. 
The author early states that much of the evolution idea, which is 
generally thought to bt> modern, is in reality very ancient, and that its 
development has been gradual. The doctrine originated in Creece where 
it sxicceeded the old mythology. The first teachers were Thales and 
Anaximander. The former declannl that water is the material from 
