I'ei'soiKil (1 11(1 Sclciil Ip'c Ncirs. 
203 
eriiiiz' 1 lit' pi'fscril ai'fus oT lakes Superior, Michig'aii, Huron, and Kric, 
with (lelinilf beaelies from a few feet \o lunulrecls of feet above tliesc 
lakes, is called lake Warren. At a mueli later sta,ii:e, wlien the Mohawk 
was unfo\'ered, the w;itei's ran to the Hudson, and the great lake on tiie 
site of Ontario lias been called lake lro(iuois. During' an intermediati' 
stage between these two. it is suggested that the discharge of the water 
covering western New York and the present Laiirentian lakes farther 
west was through tin- low pass south of Seneca lake, which has its wa- 
ter dividr, !)0() feet al)ove the sea, at tlie town of Horseheads, near VA- 
rnira. The former existence of this large glacial lake, which is hen- 
named in honor of the late Prof. .1. S. Xewlierry, is believed to br pos- 
sible when allowanci' is made for the depressed condition of the area al 
that time. 
in the ensuing discussion. ^Ir. <j. K. (iImseht thought no other name 
could be more tittingl\ chosen, but iloubted that the Seneca lake ]iass 
e\cr carried the oulllow of so exlensj\'e a gliicial lake as this had !)een 
described. 
Prof. Spknckk and Mr. Timlxm also si)oke in high ai)i)roval of the 
proposed name, but thougiit that, if the large lake ascribed to the Sen- 
eca pass existed, it would be found to be the same which these authors 
have described within the i>ast year under the name Lake fjundy. given 
l)y Spencer from the Luiidy lane, of historic renown, a •'ridge road" on 
its principal l)each west of the Niagara ri\'ei'. 
\otex o/t. tflf (jliicidliini i)f Xi'irfiiiliKlldHil . I5y T. ('. ( "lIA.MIiKKLIN. The 
southeastern or Avalon peninsula of Newfoundland was glaciated from 
its center outward in all direction*;, excepting that on the northern |)arl 
of the isthmus or neck uniting it with the main island the glaciation 
was southeast toward the peninsula. Local deri\ation of the drift is 
very remarkable. The Avalon nuch'us consists of granile and schists, 
but its coastal belt is largely Cambrian red sandstone. On the east coast, 
in the vicinity of St. Johns. nearl\ all the glacial drift is from the un- 
derlying and contiguous sandstone: but in going a few miles back to 
the Huronian ai-ea. the drift thei-e is found to C(Hisisl chielly or wholly 
(tf the crystalline rocks, with no sandstone. iMuch kame gravel was 
noted on I he isthmus. The author agrees with Murray and Howley in 
regarding the glaciation as continuous with that of liabi'ador: hut, in 
\iew of the northward as well as eastward and southward I'adiation of 
drift action ascertaine(l 1)\ ihe thorough explorations of Chalmers in 
New Urunswick and of ot hers in the (iaspe jieninsula. with Richartl- 
son's descripl ion of the Magdalen islands ((ieol. of Canaila. Uejiorl of 
Progress for 1S7!)-S(). I'art(i), showing that I hose islands nea r l he center 
of the (iulf of SI. I>awrence are driftless and ha\'e not bi'en ice-coscred. 
Prof. Chamberlin thiidvs t hat the Newfoundland ice reachi'd noi far 
be\()nd the present shores of the island on the southwest, south, and 
east. 
Prof. IIri'(ii('(KK, in coninuMilon the radi;iting courses of glaciation 
in N(!wfoundland and Ni'w lirunswick, directed atti'iition to the resem- 
bhince of these areas to the great lobes of the ice-sheet in tin' region of 
the Laurenlian lakes and the u|)i)er .Mississi|)pi. lie concludes thai Ihe 
glacial currents over New Kngiand came from I he highlands north of 
the SI. I>avvr<'tice, for the courses of glacial striat ion on the summits of 
the While mounlains and of the (Jreeii mountains are from northwest to 
southeast. The highest inountains of Newfoundland will proi)abl\ be 
found similarly striated. 
77n' Sinf((ri' FornKiliiinx nf xoKtlwrii Xcir .tirxiji. \\\ Koi.m.n I). Sai.is- 
lUKY. The Yellow (iravel series, which uniil recent ly has seemed very 
perplexing for e\ plana I ion of i Is origin and hislor.\ . is found I o comprise 
four distinct formations, with a wide range in aye, 'IMie earliest is named 
