98 The American Geologist. February. 1903. 
Pelado. — Mt. Pelado or "Balda," as it is commonly called, 
is the culminating point of the Jemez plateau. The altitude of 
its crest is 11,200 feet. It is a solid mass of porphyry. It is 
situated just to the west of the great Valle Grande tufa vol- 
canic region and seems to have once been the west front of the 
largest crater. The greater part of the rim still remains. The 
site of the crater today is in a level area to the east of that 
mountain. 
Medicinal Springs. — Along lower Salt river and in the up- 
per Jemez river region there are many springs, some hot, some 
cold, and others of a bathing temperature. The waters of all 
these springs possess medicinal properties ; and the principal 
springs have been health resorts before the invasion of the 
white man. These springs seem to be in groups. The princi- 
pal groups are : the Sulphurs, the Springs of the Soda Dam in 
the Jemez river, the Jemez Hot Springs at Perea, the Indian 
Springs, the San Ysidro Springs, and the Philip's Springs. 
The latter three groups of springs are cold or just bathing 
temperature ; the remaining groups are hot, the Sulphurs 
reaching near the boiling point. These springs will be consid- 
ered in reverse order. 
The Philip's Springs. — The Philip's springs are forty in 
number. They are situated in a little cove between the granite 
spur to the southwest of the Nacimiento range and the Red 
Beds to the west of Jemez on their western side. The space 
occupied by them is not greater than thirty acres, though at 
an earlier date their area was much more extensive than now, 
as is attested by the tavertine cones left by the extinct springs. 
The cove, occupied by these springs, is about a mile to the 
northeast of Salt river ; and eight miles nearly west of Jemez 
Pueblo. The springs of this group are soda or iron springs. 
The soda springs deposit a cone of tavertine around their 
mouths, the iron springs are non-depositing. The .springs of 
this group usually have a bathing temperature ; but they are 
not used for bathing purposes on account of their isolation, 
though their site would make an excellent place for a health 
resort. TliiC scenery is as good as could be desired ; and what 
adds more to their value, is that they are so situated in this 
cove that they are sheltered from the sand storms so prevalent 
in New Mexico. These springs, however, have one drawback 
