I70 The American Geologist. ^^^'^i^- ^^os. 
gyracanthus, Lcpcrditia alia, and some corals, are 150 feet 
thick. [This thickness probably also includes the Coeymans, 
which in this region is generally associated with the Manlius, 
the balance of the Helderbergian formations being absent 
here.] Over them lies just a trace of the Oriskany. Neigh- 
boring sections, which we have recently made at Brown's Falls, 
Chittenango Springs, at Waterville, and Oriskany Falls, show 
that below these layers carrying the fossils mentioned, lie dark- 
gray weathering waterlimes with Euryptenis." 
The fauna mentioned by Vanuxem (chiefly from the blue 
layers) are Spirifer vanuxemi, Avicnla rugosa, TentacuUtcs 
gyracanthus Holopea antiqna, Whitfield ella (?) sulcata, 
(found only in the drab-colored beds or Cobleskill), and Lep- 
crditia alta. These species, excepting W. (?) sulcata, are 
from the upper portion of the Manlius or the Manlius sensu- 
stricto. From the lower portion he mentions Coluninaria glob- 
uliforuiis (this species is not defined, but probably represents 
small globular specimens of Favosites which the writer re- 
gards as small colonies of F. hclderhcrgiac praccedcns, and 
Halysitcs lahyrinthica ? (pp. 112-113). 
While it appears that \ anuxem intended to eniibrace all the 
waterlimes of the Second Geological District of New York 
by the term Manlius, the fauna cited by him characterizes only 
the blue limestone and the upper waterlime beds, but not the 
lower waterlime having Euryptenis. Usage long ago fixed the 
lower Waterlime formation as characterized by Euryptenis, 
and it is therefore to be removed from Vanuxem's "Waterlime 
group of Manlius." The upper portion of the original Man- 
lius is generally known as the Tentaculite limestone. How- 
ever, after further field observations, the waiter concludes that 
the term Manlius should embrace all the zones between the 
Eurypterus-heanng waterlime, or Bertie formation, and the 
Coeymans limestone. This is also in harmony with the intend- 
ed limits of the Manlius as given by Clarke and Schuchert, 
1899. According to this limitatioii then, the Cobleskill w^ill 
fall into the Manlius as its lower member, since it luiderlies 
immediately the Rondout waterlime and above the Btfypicnis- 
bearing waterlime or Bertie formation. 
