258 The American Geologist. ^p"^- "'^3. 
level of the Bellspring peneplain. Earlier valleys found in the Klamath 
peneplain can be traced to the Sherwood stage. 
Stage 6. — Another uplift of five hundred feet closed the Sherwood 
stage and affected the whole Klamath mountain and Coast region. The 
streams began to work with renewed energy and to carve out broad 
valleys. These valleys of the Gaberville stage are marked features of 
the upland and are in strong contrast to the narrow valleys of later age ; 
one of the best examples of these broad valleys is seen in the South 
Fork of the Eel river where it cuts across the Sherwood peneplain. 
Stage 8. — After the Gaberville stage there was a subsidence accom- 
panied by the formation of lakes and swamps. The tide was admitted 
for a long distance up the Trinity drainage, and here were deposited 
the fluvioestuarine sediments of the Hay Fork stage. Stage 9. — They 
are conglomerates, sandstones and shales containing shark's teeth 
and Miocene leaves. The earlier valleys carved in the Sherwood 
and Gaberville stages were filled with sediments and carved again 
after the next uplift.. Stage 10. — This uplift took place in the beginning 
of Pliocene times and raised the land six hundred feet above the present 
level." The Hay Fork sediments were displaced and tilted. 
Stage II. — The Continental border stage which followed was accom- 
panied b}- the removal of a large amount of material. The streams had 
a steep grade and the soft rocks furnished them with abundant tools. 
Along the coast erosion was greatest and a great thickness of Miocene 
deposits was removed while deep valleys were cut in the continental 
border plain. Stage 12. — The Post Continental subsidence of seven 
hundred feet brought the land below its present level, and sedimentation 
began on the eroded surface of the Miocene beds. The rocks of this 
period. Stage 13. — are known as the San Diego, beds of the Battery 
Point stage. 
Stage 14. — Subsidence continued until sea level became that of the 
Sherwood peneplain. The shore was terraced by marine action. At the 
same time, Stage 15.^ — an uplift began so that we find series of shore 
terraces capped by Pleistocene deposits. Stage 16. — The last movement 
has been one of subsidence which has admitted the tide into many of 
the rivers. The present coast from Coos bay to the mouth of the 
Eel river is rocky except in three places where there are coastal plains, 
arable and populous. 
This outline of events which have shaped the present topography of 
the Klamath mountain region embraces the main features of Mr. Diller's 
paper. It has necessarily disregarded the detailed discussion of various 
localities, which make up a large part of the bulletin. 
There is, besides, a supplement which deals with the age of the rocks 
in the Klamath mountains. No fossiliferous rocks older than the De- 
vonian have been recognized but in addition to them, limestone of the 
Carboniferous, and slates and conglomerates of Jura-Trias and Creta- 
ceous age have been determined. Associated with these sediments is a 
wide range of igneous rocks, both plutonic and volcanic. a. j. 
