Lansing Pleistocene Geology. — Winchell. 283 
It would be very useful in this investigation, to make sundry 
pits or small trenches in the loess round about in order to as- 
certain the differences, if any there be, between this and the 
great loess mantle that covers the rocks of the region at this 
altitude. 
17. There is no reason to doubt that the evidently water- 
laid layer of silt was put there by "some unusual flood." It 
appears that the Missouri river flowed at that level at that 
time. Owing to the integrity of the underlying geest it is evi- 
dent that the river was not at that time in a stage of active 
erosion. The relations of the silt to the geest imply that the 
submergence by the river was not changed to emergence be- 
fore the deposition of the overlying loess. The relations of the 
silt to the overlying loess imply that, the submergence contin- 
ued, there was a copious rather sudden deposition of more 
distantly transported material by the same agent as deposited 
the silt. The "unusual flood" may have been the rising of the 
Missouri introductory to the lowan loessian floods. However 
broken the record in other places, or however limited the pres- 
ent sheet of silt, Avhere it is intact its record is good and the 
missing links of the history at other points should be supplied 
by restoration from the perfect record wherever preserved. 
18. The existence of this post-Kansan (or perhaps pre- 
Glacial) valley should, according to professor Chamberlin, lead 
any experienced, unbiased. Pleistocene geologist, to expect 
either a hanging or a buried adjustment of earlier date upon 
the main stream. As there is no hanging adjustment there must 
be a buried one as already shown in No. 6, and hence the pres- 
ent adjustment is "accidental" — one of those inherited acci- 
dents that post- Wisconsin Pleistocene geology is so filled up 
with. According to the depth of water stated by Mr. Concan- 
non, quoted by professor Chamberlin, that early adjustment 
must be at least ninety feet below the present level of the Mis- 
souri. 
It is evident here, and especially by reference to page 
752 of the Journal of Geology, that the word adjustment is 
applied to the hanging or the buried type when brought by 
professor Chamberlin into contrast with the present adjust- 
ment, and hence that, if the present has obliterated or aband- 
oned an old place of adjustment, without having inherited it, 
