Lansing Pleistocene Geology. — Winchell. 287 
distance from the latitude of the Wisconsin morainic belt. It 
is quite possible also that the "lower bouldery terraces" of pro- 
fessor Todd, rather than being of the age of the Wisconsin ice- 
epoch are the parallel of the higher gravels in the Big Sioux 
valley which professor Wilder has assigned to the Buchanan 
gravels, and that the W^isconsin terrace is that of professor 
Wilder, already mentioned, which lies much lower and must 
soon disappear in the bottom land of the Missouri. Accord- 
ing to professor Chamberlin, however, {Jour. Geol. p. 771) 
the bouldery terraces of Todd "are directly connected with the 
first and second stages of Wisconsin glaciation." 
This goes to show that the Missouri river at Lansing has 
not had a water surface, since Wisconsin time, lower than 
the Wisconsin stage at the same place, at least that it has not 
removed any Wisconsin terrace at that place, and inferentially 
that noi Wisconsin terrace ever existed there.* 
The view here presented as to the sinking of the Wisconsin 
terrace below the bottomland before reaching the latitude of 
the Concannon farm was presented by Mr. Warren Upham in 
the January, 1903, number of the Geologist. It is his opin- 
ion that the Wisconsin terrace sinks into the floodplain of the 
Missouri not far below the mouth of the Platte river. 
If no Wisconsin terrace ever existed at the place of burial 
of the human relics, the lowan loess has there been exposed 
to surface wash and removal, and no later Pleistocene record 
has been superimposed so as to erase or obscure the lowan 
record. Further, the little tributary creek, dependent at its 
mouth on the post-W'isconsin elevation of the floodplain of the 
Missouri, has not only not had any Wisconsin stage of flood- 
plain higher than its present floodplain, but since Wisconsin 
time has had no higher floodplain than its present. What 
and where the lowan fluvio-glacial deposits may be is quite 
another question, but, as already stated, the lowan stage of 
the Missouri was so high that it not only filled its original 
gorge but in some places flooded much of th*^ adjacent region. 
On its retirement its deposits, which we know as loe-ss, strat- 
ified and semi-stratified, originating in the lowan till, silted 
back by the regional subsidence, were cut into by the streams 
* This regimen of rivers with respect to the Wisconoin terraces has recently 
been rliscnsserl bv Prof. Cbambfrrliii in the Joiiriiul of Geology, yol. x\, p. 75, 
Jan.-Feb., 1903. ' 
