104 T^^^^ American Geologist. February. 1899 
Ontario, was long ago mapped in outline by Spencer, but many de- 
tails in this shoreline remained to be filled in. Near Toronto two 
bays are found, one near Carlton on the west, the other near York 
on the east. Each had an area of several square miles and was cut 
oflf from the main lake by a gravel bar like the present Toronto island. 
Horns of caribou are common in the Carlton bar and teeth of the 
mammoth have been found in the bar near York. Fresh water shells 
()f four species, Campeloma decisa the most common, are found in 
beach gravels of Iroquois age near Reservoir park, Toronto. These 
are the first fresh water fossils found without doubt in the Iroquois 
beach deposits. As the main Pleistocene beaches from Agassiz to 
Iroquois contain fresh water shells, they must have been formed in 
lakes and not arms of the sea. The numerous marine shell-bearing 
deposits of the east of Canada cease before lake Ontario is reached. 
" Thajiies River in Connecticut,'' by F. P. Gulliver, 
Southboro, Mass. The cuts made for the new line of the New York, 
New Haven & Hartford railroad in eastern Connecticut along the 
east side of the Thames river between Norwich and New London 
have revealed the structure of the terraces which were called Cham- 
plain deposits by J. D. Dana. Upon the theory that these were form- 
ed by f ooded rivers, it was difificult to account for the forms below the 
general level, such as eskers, which are found in certain places. 
These sections show many delta lobes of fine sand pointing down 
stream and toward the sides of the old valley. These are overlain 
by the coarse deposits of gravel and bowlders up to one foot in di- 
ameter, such as are found in Alaska on the delta in front of the ice. 
In places these deposits fill in completely the space between the river 
and the till-covered rock slopes of the drowned valley; but in some 
of the bays of the side streams there are lobate fronts, the axis of each 
lobe pointing from the center of the main valley into the valley of 
the tributary. This suggests that these deposits were formed when 
an ice-tongue filled the center of the valley and the rock waste was 
washed out in all directions from it; so that the terraces and the eskers 
were formed at the same time, viz: when the ice margin was retreat- 
ing. 
" The Gold-Bearing Veins of Bag Bay, Western Ontario." 
Peter McKellar, Fort William, Ont. Read by Robert Bell, in 
the absence of the author. The object of this paper is to show the 
peculiarities of the gold-bearing veins in the granite area at Bag bay. 
Shoal lake, west of Lake of the Woods, Ontario. These veins are 
characterized by the smallness of the quartz fissures compared with 
the quantity of valuable ore they yield under development. 
In order to get through the long programme in three days 
it was necessary to form a temporary petrographic section on 
the last afternoon, and the following papers were read then: 
" Differences in Batholitic Granites according to Depth of 
