2 54 ^Z'^' America /I Geologist. April, 1899 
materials are various granites, gneiss, schists, and quartzytes. 
The material "rans^cs in size from the finest silt up to great 
blocks several feet across, and weighing in some cases proba- 
bly from twenty to thirty tons. From the well rounded, almost 
polished pebble boulder to the rough angular fragment of rock 
that has been torn from its parent mass and not subsequently 
abraded, all are represented in these conglomerates .... 
Not only are the pebbles, etc., scored and scratched, but great 
numbers are rubbed on one or more sides (facetted)." 
I had the pleasure of conferring with Mr. James Stirling, 
government geologist for Victoria, who has explored many of 
these localities, and especially others of a later period, which 
are not here considered. I understood him to express opinions 
confirmatory of the work of the gentlemen whose names have 
been cited. 
SOUTH AUSTRALIA. 
In 1877, Prof. Ralph Tate described, before the Australa- 
sian Association, the phenomena of glaciated character at Hal- 
let's Cove, south of Holdfast bay, in St. Vincent gulf. This is 
in south lat. 35° and the surface planed is now only forty feet 
above sea level. He says: 
The path of the glacier (?) is traceable for a distance of two miles 
along the top of the scarped clififs, at about forty feet above the sea 
level; on the north it is cut off from the cliff by encroachment of the 
sea; from this point the glaciated surface is continuous in a southerly 
direction for a distance of one mile to Black point, the north head- 
land of Hallet's Cove. On the line of the glacier there intervenes the 
long but narrow bay of Hallet's Cove, but to the south headland the 
track is picked upon about the same trend, though apparently at a little 
higher level. Here again the glacier (?) path is soon cut out by re- 
moval of the cliff. On the north side of the cove the glaciated surface 
is beautifully displayed; the edges of nearly vertical strata are sheared 
off, and when of quartzite the surface shows a high polish, 
and when of mudstones conspicuous grooves and strise. Some 
moraine debris, including stones that have been beneath the glacier (?). 
occurs here. On the south side moraine matter is very abundant, and 
includes many boulders. . . . The common rocks of the moraine 
debris are granites, gneiss, hornblende schists, and others which do 
not occur in situations nearer than the gorge at Vormanville, about 
forty-six miles to the south. In all, seventeen distinct variations of 
rock, chiefly metamorphic and foreign to the neighborhood, have been 
collected along the path of the glacier. The proximity of the Miocene 
escarpments suggests the possibility of the pre-Miocene age of the 
