1 6 The American Geologist. Januarj', igwi 
& Santa Fe railroad, situated in the upper valley of the Medi- 
cine river. Surrounded by the round-topped hills and escarp- 
ments of the Cheyenne sandstone, the little village is a pict- 
uresque spot. 
The Cretaceous rocks of the Belvidere locality consist of 
thi;ee distinctly marked horizons each distinguished by char- 
acteristic fossils and stratigraphy. The lower member is the 
Cheyenne sandstone containing an abundant dicotyledenous 
flora with numerous conifers and ferns ; the second member is 
the Kiowa shales distinguished by its abundant marine 
fauna both vertebrate and invertebrate. These two members 
constitute the Comanche series. Resting conformably upon 
these and grading upward through a series of beds either 
barren or slightly fossiliferous (the Medicine beds) is the leaf- 
bearing Dakota sandstone. 
b. Cheyenne Sandstone. 
I. Stratigraphy. 
The Cheyenne sandstone is unconformable throughout on 
the unevenly eroded surface of the subjacent Permian Red- 
beds. In all places in the locality so far as noticed the upper 
part of the Red-beds consists of a gray or greenish streak or 
band from one to three feet thick. The coloring is probably 
due to infiltrations of water charged with minerals, which 
forms the springs so common in the region, mentioned bv 
professor Cragin.* Some of the minerals held in solution are 
iron, alum , epsom salts, and gypsum. The origin of this 
water is probably in the Kiowa shales, in fact in many places 
it may be noticed seeping out and trickling down into the 
Cheyenne. The rather coarse grained Cheyenne oflfers little 
resistance to the flow, and when the water reaches the Red- 
beds beneath it penetrates to a sufificient depth to color the 
band referred to. and finally issues in the form of springs 
between the Cheyenne and the Red-beds. The exposures of 
unconformity are not numerous. One of the localities was 
photographed by professor Prosser.f Better exposures are to 
be seen near the mouth of Valley draw two miles west, and on 
Walker creek three miles south of Belvidere. 
*Loc. cit., p. 362. 
tLoc. cit., plate XVI, op. p. 104. 
