Lozvcr Cretaceous of Kansas. — Gotild. 23 
Champion shell-bed consists of a layer of grayish limestone 
containing a characteristic invertebrate fauna. It is usually 
quite hard and often forms conspicuous floors, but is in places 
only a matrix of sandy clay in which the fossils have been 
decomposed by the impregnation of iron and gypsum. The 
thickness of the Champion probably nowhere exceeds two feet 
and is usually from six inches to one foot thick. 
The Kiowa shales proper rest comformably on the Cham- 
pion shell-bed. The Kiowa consists of more than one hun- 
dred and twenty-five feet of bluish-black to gra3^ papyraceous 
shales becoming more arenaceous above. Interspersed 
throughout the formation are layers of hard gray limestone, 
soft sandstone and pebbles. The entire thickness contains 
much gypsum usually in the form of selcnite. The forma- 
tion is fossiliferous throughout. The shales have been sub- 
divided by professor Cragin into the Fullington shales and 
the Tucumcari shales. 
2. Fossils. 
According to professor Cragin there are seventy-eight spe- 
cies of vertebrates and invertebrates so far described from the 
Kiowa. Thirty-six species of invertebrates occur in the Cham- 
pion, of which fourteen species are known to exist in this shell- 
bed alone, while twenty-two are found in the Kiowa proper. 
Fifty-one species of invertebrates are found in the Kiowa. 
Complete lists of these fossils are found in professor Cragin's 
paper.* 
Besides the invertebrates the following vertebrates have 
been found in either the Belvidere or Clark county localities : 
Lamna sp. (Like L. occidentalis Leidy.) 
Lamna (?) quinquelateralis Crag. 
Hybodus clarkensis Crag. 
Caelodus brownii Cope. 
Mesodon (?) abrasus Crag. 
Uranoplosus arctatus Cope. 
Uranoplosus flectidens Cope. 
Teleost. (Like Protheus.) 
Plesiosaurus mudgei Crag. 
Cimioliosaurus sp. nov. Willist. 
Turtle (Size of Protosteya). 
*.\.\iERiCAN Geologist, vol. XVI, pp. 369-373, 181)5. 
