178 ■ TJie America)! Geologist. Marcii, iswo 
The characters and relationships of the several rock series are found 
to be nearly as described by Lawson in the Rainy River region. Gold 
occurs along all the Keewatin belts, and much prospecting and pre- 
liminary mining development have been done. 
Alfred E. Barlow is the author of the third part, "Report on the 
Geology and Natural Resources of the area included by the Nipissing 
and Tamiscaming map-sheets, comprising portions of the district 
of Nipissing, Ontario, and of the county of Pontiac, Quebec," 302 
pages. Beneath the glacial drift, the formations are the Niagara, 
Trenton, Birdseye and Black River, the Huronian, and the Laurentian 
gneisses. Of the Fundamental gneiss, the crief component of the 
Laurentian, Mr. Barlow writes: "It may possibly represent, in great 
part, the first-formed crust of the earth, which, necessarily thin and 
fragile, and so liable to frequent upwellings of the molten mass be- 
neath, has undergone successive fusions and recementations before 
reaching its present condition. As at present mapped, it is regarded 
as a complex of irruptive plutonic rocks, representing repeated and 
intricate intrusions of basic and acidic material. Although in many 
instances, and in limited areas, the succession of such irruptions can be 
ascertained, with tolerable accuracy, any attempt to correlate this 
succession in detail over extended areas has invariably ended in more 
or less complete failure." 
The glaciation of the country is discussed in ten pages, including 
a large list of observed strije. Regional description of the bed-rocks 
occupies 118 pages. An appendix of seven pages contains tabulated 
elevations, and another appendix notes the fossils collected. 
Robert Chalmers, in 160 pages, supplies a "Report on the Surface 
Geology and Auriferous Deposits of southeastern Quebec." The 
Glacial deposits, and the lacustrine and marine shore-lines of the 
Champlain epoch, are described in the first 69 pages; and the remain- 
der of this report treats of the gold-bearing region, which reaches from 
Memphremagog lake east to the Etchemin river. The earliest glacia- 
tion is held to have radiated from the northeastern Appalachian 
mountains, in northern New Hampshire and the "Eastern Townships" 
of Quebec; next the ice-sheet of the Laurentide or Labradorian area 
flowed southeast and south across the St. Lawrence valley to the 
international boundary; and, lastly, the part of the ice-sheet covering 
this valley moved southwestward, from the hilly tract not far west 
of the city of Quebec to the great lakes Ontario and Erie. 
"The Mineral Resources of the Province of New Brunswick" are 
the theme of a memoir by Dr. L. W. Bailey, in 129 pages; and the 
final part of the volume, excepting the index, is the annual report, 232 
pages, for 1897, of Elfric D. Ingalls. in charge of the section of "Min- 
eral Statistics and Mines." The value of the year's mineral produc- 
tion is given as $26,526,020. Of this amount, somewhat over a half, 
or $14,449,038 in value, was exported, $10,533,581 being the value of the 
mineral exports to the United States. w. U'. 
