Ohserraf(o»s on the Occurrence of Anthracite. — Gre.sle;/. 13 
closely resembling Carboniferous anthracite, antl in an anthra- 
cite mine, a rather suggestive coincidence. 
IX. The Anthracite Region of Pennsylvania a Typical 
One. 
Now, we may certainly regard the anthracite region of 
Pennsylvania as a typical one. And if a satisfactory origin 
of its coal can be found it ought not to be difficult to account 
for anthracite in other regions. We will, therefore, follow up 
the inquii\y in America and then cross over to Europe. 
X. Othek American Anthracite Regions. 
In Tennessee and in Georgia semi-anthracite occurs. The 
thickness of the Coal Measures in Tennessee is great, but in 
Georgia denudation seems to have carried them almost away. 
In Tennessee we get conglomerates associated with the coals; 
and in Georgia, as far as they go, coarse strata predominate. 
Both in Tennessee and in Georgia the Coal Measures are folded 
and disturbed. In both these states the Carboniferous flanks 
or belongs to a mountainovis range and is considered to have 
come within the influence of some metamorphism in j^ast 
geologic ages. 
In Arkansas the coals are said to get more anthracitic as 
traced or tested in an easterly direction.* Winslow and Mac- 
farlane say that sandstones, shales and conglomerates make up 
almost the entire list of the rocks, and while folding and an- 
thraciticism do not seem to be concurrent phenomena here. 
we have the Carboniferous undoubtedly underlain with Silu- 
rian and folded Huronian, because they come to the surface 
east, south and southwest of the coal field. Thus, although 
the physical geology of the coal region in Arkansas may be 
said to resemble that of the typical Pennsylvanian region, the 
characteristic features of the former are dwarfed into com- 
parative obscurity. It is well known that the little crumpled 
and metaraorphic outlying graphitic-anthracite field of Rhode 
Island and Massachusetts is bound up with rocks of a region 
characterized by foldings, faults and other evidences of deep- 
seated disturbances and alteration. The Coal Measures are 
decidedly conglomeratic and siliceous in character and proba- 
bly originally extended into Pennsylvania, and so on west and 
south, and possessed a great thickness. Macfarlane and Dr. 
*.\rk. Gc.l. Surv. .\n. Rf'])()rt. 1888, vol. 8, Coal. \>. T)!. 
