Pei'nonctl and Scientitic JVeics. 197 
of August, 1897, and will last about eight da_ys. The meet- 
ings will not be held by sections as at Zurich. They will be 
devoted to the discussion of general princijiles which in the 
present state of geological science are likely to lead to satis- 
factory results. And in Russia, specially, it is hoped, b^^ the 
committee, that comrannications be made on important geo- 
logical work that has been undertaken, the results of which 
cannot yet be published, and on new methods of scientific 
study not yet i)ublished. There will be special meetings with 
the different scientitic societies during the session of the Con- 
gress, at which both Russian and foreign geologists may pre- 
sent communications on any new discoveries, new instruments, 
etc. Halls will be put at the disposition of members of the 
Congress for the exhibition of geological maps, profiles, spec- 
imens, etc. 
The excursions that will be made in connection with this 
session of the Congress will be a memorable feature. As was 
announced at the Zurich session, they will be of two sorts: 
1. Those designed to afford examination of certain inter- 
esting localities. 
2. Extended general excursions. 
The first of the extended excursions will be special with re- 
spect to the Ural and general with respect to the regions that 
will be traversed in order to reach that chain, and will take 
place before the opening of the Congress, i. e., from the 29th 
of July to the 22d of August. It will be under the direction 
of Karpinsky, Nikitin, Tschernyschew, Krasnopolsky and 
Stuckenberg. It will start from Moscow and will touch the 
following points: Riazan, Penza, Syzran, Samara, Oufa, Zla- 
tooust, Tcheliabinsk, Kychtyra, Ekaterinebourg, Taguil, 
Kouchva. Perm, Kazan, Nijni-Novgorod, Moscow, St. Peters- 
burg. 
, For those geologists who are interested in the region of the 
Volga there will be a variation in this excursion. The par- 
ticipants will visit, under the direction of S. Nikitin, the 
banks of the Volga, from Samara to Kazan, where they will 
rejoin the excursion returning from the Ural. 
At the same time as the excursion to the Ural aiu)ther will 
go into Esthonia, under the guidance of Fr. Schmidt, where 
the participants will note the Cambrian, the Silurian and the 
glacial formations. This excursion will occupy about twelve 
days. 
It is also proposed to organize an excursif)n into Finland 
before the opening of the Congress. This will be under the 
direction of Messrs. Sederholm and Ramsay and will be plan- 
ned for the examination principally of the crystalline rocks 
and the glacial formations. 
